AI Article Synopsis
- Haptoglobin (Hp) is a blood plasma glycoprotein essential for protecting tissues and reducing oxidative damage; its levels vary in response to diseases and are commonly tested in clinical settings.
- The human gene responsible for haptoglobin is polymorphic, leading to different phenotypes that may indicate an individual's susceptibility to various health conditions, including cancer.
- In a study on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), researchers found elevated levels of specific haptoglobin proteoforms in the blood of GBM patients, suggesting that these variants could serve as potential biomarkers for the disease.
Article Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a blood plasma glycoprotein that plays a critical role in tissue protection and the prevention of oxidative damage. Haptoglobin is an acute-phase protein, its concentration in plasma changes in pathology, and the test for its concentration is part of normal clinical practice. Haptoglobin is a conservative protein and is the subject of research as a potential biomarker of many diseases, including malignant neoplasms. The Human gene is polymorphic and controls the synthesis of three major phenotypes-homozygous Hp1-1 and Hp2-2, and heterozygous Hp2-1, determined by a combination of allelic variants that are inherited. Numerous studies indicate that the phenotype of haptoglobin can be used to judge the individual's predisposition to various diseases. In addition, Hp undergoes various post-translational modifications (PTMs). Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor. In our study, we have analyzed the state of Hp proteoforms in plasma and cells using 1D (SDS-PAGE) and 2D electrophoresis (2DE) with the following mass spectrometry (LC ES-MS/MS) or Western blotting. We found that the levels of α2- and β-chain proteoforms are up-regulated in the plasma of GBM patients. An unprocessed form of Hp2-2 (PreHp2-2, zonulin) with unusual biophysical parameters (pI/w) was also detected in the plasma of GBM patients and glioblastoma cells. Altogether, this data shows the possibility to use proteoforms of haptoglobin as a potential GBM-specific plasma biomarker.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8234662 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126533 | DOI Listing |
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