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Structural Chromosome Instability: Types, Origins, Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities. | LitMetric

Structural Chromosome Instability: Types, Origins, Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Cancers (Basel)

Cell Cycle and Genome Stability Laboratory, Fundación Instituto Leloir, C1405 BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Published: June 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Chromosomal instability (CIN) involves frequent changes in chromosome number and structure, which is linked to tumor development and growth.
  • - This review explores how structural chromosome abnormalities arise, how cells usually repair them, and the various CIN phenotypes that exist.
  • - The paper also examines the impact of CIN on cancer treatment, discussing strategies to manage or exploit CIN to improve treatment outcomes, either by preventing it or increasing it to a lethal extent for cancer cells.

Article Abstract

Chromosomal instability (CIN) refers to an increased rate of acquisition of numerical and structural changes in chromosomes and is considered an enabling characteristic of tumors. Given its role as a facilitator of genomic changes, CIN is increasingly being considered as a possible therapeutic target, raising the question of which variables may convert CIN into an ally instead of an enemy during cancer treatment. This review discusses the origins of structural chromosome abnormalities and the cellular mechanisms that prevent and resolve them, as well as how different CIN phenotypes relate to each other. We discuss the possible fates of cells containing structural CIN, focusing on how a few cell duplication cycles suffice to induce profound CIN-mediated genome alterations. Because such alterations can promote tumor adaptation to treatment, we discuss currently proposed strategies to either avoid CIN or enhance CIN to a level that is no longer compatible with cell survival.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8234978PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13123056DOI Listing

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