Woody plants are characterised by a highly complex vascular system, wherein the secondary xylem (wood) is responsible for the axial transport of water and various substances. Previous studies have focused on the dead conductive elements in this heterogeneous tissue. However, the living xylem parenchyma cells, which constitute a significant functional fraction of the wood tissue, have been strongly neglected in studies on tree biology. Although there has recently been increased research interest in xylem parenchyma cells, the mechanisms that operate in these cells are poorly understood. Therefore, the present review focuses on selected roles of xylem parenchyma and its relevance in wood functioning. In addition, to elucidate the importance of xylem parenchyma, we have compiled evidence supporting the hypothesis on the significance of parenchyma cells in tree functioning and identified the key unaddressed questions in the field.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235782 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061247 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Understanding the changes in cell wall components during xylem differentiation is crucial for grasping the structure of wood, especially at the secondary cell wall layer level.
- In the study of Pinus bungeana, it was found that crystalline cellulose and glucomannan were deposited before xylan and lignin, with lignification starting in the primary cell wall corners as the S layer developed.
- Immunofluorescence results showed that glucomannan was deposited earlier than xylan, and while pectins were concentrated in the primary walls, they decreased as tracheid walls differentiated, with ray cells lagging behind axial tracheids in their development.
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