Objective: To systematically learn lessons from the experiences of countries implementing find, test, trace, isolate, support (FTTIS) in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design, Data Sources And Eligibility Criteria: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, SCOPUS and JSTOR, initially between 31 May 2019 and 21 January 2021. Research articles and reviews on the use of contact tracing, testing, self-isolation and quarantine for COVID-19 management were included in the review.
Data Extraction And Synthesis: We extracted information including study objective, design, methods, main findings and implications. These were tabulated and a narrative synthesis was undertaken given the diverse research designs, methods and implications.
Results: We identified and included 118 eligible studies. We identified the core elements of an effective find, test, trace, isolate, support (FTTIS) system needed to interrupt the spread of a novel infectious disease, where treatment or vaccination was not yet available, as pertained in the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. We report methods used to shorten case finding time, improve accuracy and efficiency of tests, coordinate stakeholders and actors involved in an FTTIS system, support individuals isolating and make appropriate use of digital tools.
Conclusions: We identified in our systematic review the key components of an FTTIS system. These include border controls, restricted entry, inbound traveller quarantine and comprehensive case finding; repeated testing to minimise false diagnoses and pooled testing in resource-limited circumstances; extended quarantine period and the use of digital tools for contact tracing and self-isolation. Support for mental or physical health and livelihoods is needed for individuals undergoing self-isolation/quarantine. An integrated system with rolling-wave planning can best use effective FTTIS tools to respond to the fast-changing COVID-19 pandemic. Results of the review may inform countries considering implementing these measures.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047832 | DOI Listing |
Health Technol Assess
December 2024
Centre for Research in Public Health and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
Background: Prevalence of depression is increasing in young people. Behaviour change interventions providing benefits equal to or greater than talking therapies or pharmacological alternatives are needed. Exercise could be beneficial for young people with depression, but we lack robust trials of its effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Res
December 2024
University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
To optimize patient outcomes, healthcare decisions should be based on the most up-to-date high-quality evidence. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are vital for demonstrating the efficacy of interventions; however, information on how an intervention compares to already available treatments and/or fits into treatment algorithms is sometimes limited. Although different therapeutic classes are available for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), assessing the relative efficacy of these treatments is challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRes Dev Disabil
December 2024
Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR 5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Trajectoires Team, 85Bd Pinel, Bron Cedex 69676, France. Electronic address:
Objective: Visuo-attentional dyslexia has been associated with impaired simultaneous visual processing of multiple items made of separable features (i.e. symbols).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscov Oncol
December 2024
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Background: Previous clinical studies have suggested an increased risk of tumor development in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between PAH and tumor occurrence. This study investigates the causal link between PAH and cancer from a genetic perspective using Mendelian randomization (MR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFuture Oncol
December 2024
Oncology Medical Affairs, Pfizer Japan Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Though efforts have been made toward standardizing access to quality cancer care in Japan, there are still geographical and institutional disparities in the level of cancer care availability. We investigated the utilization of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapy (CDK4/6i+ET) as first-line (1 L) treatment for hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC) in Japan.
Research Design And Methods: This cross-sectional survey included physicians who had treated ≥3 1 L patients with HR+/HER2- ABC in the past year.
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