Motor imagery (MI) is an important paradigm of driving brain computer interface (BCI). However, MI is not easy to control or acquire, and the performance of MI-BCI depends heavily on the performance of the subjects' MI. Therefore, the correct execution of MI mental activities, ability evaluation and improvement methods play important and even critical roles in the improvement and application of MI-BCI system's performance. However, in the research and development of MI-BCI, the existing researches mainly focus on the decoding algorithm of MI, but do not pay enough attention to the above three aspects of MI mental activities. In this paper, these problems of MI-BCI are discussed in detail, and it is pointed out that the subjects tend to use visual motor imagery as kinesthetic motor imagery. In the future, we need to develop some objective, quantitatively visualized MI ability evaluation methods, and develop some effective and less time-consumption training methods to improve MI ability. It is also necessary to solve the differences and commonness of MI problems between and within individuals and MI-BCI illiteracy to a certain extent.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7507/1001-5515.202101037 | DOI Listing |
Clin EEG Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India.
Motor Imagery (MI) electroencephalographic (EEG) signal classification is a pioneer research branch essential for mobility rehabilitation. This paper proposes an end-to-end hybrid deep network "Spatio Temporal Inception Transformer Network (STIT-Net)" model for MI classification. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used to derive the alpha (8-13) Hz and beta (13-30) Hz EEG sub bands which are dominant during motor tasks to enhance the performance of the proposed work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neural Eng
January 2025
Shanghai Dianji University, shnaghai, Shanghai, Shanghai, 201306, CHINA.
Objective: Among all BCI paradigms, motion imagery (MI) has gained favor among researchers because it allows users to control external devices by imagining movements rather than actually performing actions. This property holds important promise for clinical applications, especially in areas such as stroke rehabilitation. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals are two of the more popular neuroimaging techniques for obtaining MI signals from the brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe complementary strengths of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have driven extensive research into integrating these two noninvasive modalities to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive, sensory, and motor functions. However, the precise neural patterns associated with motor functions, especially imagined movements, remain unclear. Specifically, the correlations between electrophysiological responses and hemodynamic activations during executed and imagined movements have not been fully elucidated at a whole-brain level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCogn Neurodyn
December 2025
School of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang China.
The increasing adoption of wearable technologies highlights the potential of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for biometric recognition. However, the intrinsic variability in cross-session EEG data presents substantial challenges in maintaining model stability and reliability. Moreover, the diversity within single-task protocols complicates achieving consistent and generalized model performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia.
Enhancing motor disability assessment and its imagery classification is a significant concern in contemporary medical practice, necessitating reliable solutions to improve patient outcomes. One promising avenue is the use of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), which establish a direct communication pathway between users and machines. This technology holds the potential to revolutionize human-machine interaction, especially for individuals diagnosed with motor disabilities.
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