[Management of antibody-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation in our clinical practice].

Orv Hetil

1 Debreceni Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Sebészeti Intézet, Szervtranszplantációs Nem Önálló Tanszék, Debrecen, Móricz Zs. krt. 22., 4032.

Published: June 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • Antibody-mediated rejection is a significant cause of graft loss in kidney transplant patients, and a study was conducted to analyze the treatment responses in patients with biopsy-confirmed humoral rejection.
  • The study involved a retrospective analysis of 85 patients, measuring the effects of standard treatments like plasma exchange and immunoglobulins on proteinuria and graft survival.
  • Results showed a significant reduction in DSA values and improvements in proteinuria among certain patients, suggesting that monitoring proteinuria could be important for assessing graft survival following anti-rejection therapy.

Article Abstract

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Az antitest közvetítette kilökődés a graftvesztés gyakori oka a vesetranszplantáltak körében. Célkitűzés: Célul tűztük ki, hogy ismertetjük a centrumunkban biopsziával igazolt humorális kilökődéssel rendelkező betegeknek a kezelésre (standard kezelés: plazmaferézis, immunglobulin, rituximab) adott válaszát, valamint hogy vizsgáljuk a proteinuria grafttúlélésre kifejtett hatását és azt, hogy ezt a DSA-tól függetlenül teszi-e. Vizsgáltuk az eGFR-, a DSA-MFI-értéknek az antirejekciós terápia hatására bekövetkező változásait is. Módszer: 85 beteg retrospektív analízisét végeztük el. A szövettani elemzésben a Banff-klasszifikációt vettük alapul. A csoportok összehasonlításához kategorikus változók esetén a Fisher-féle egzakt próbát, folyamatos változók esetén a Kruskal-Wallis-próbát használtuk. Eredmények: A biopsziával igazolt humorális rejekciós csoportba (ABMR-csoport) 19, a DSA-pozitív csoportba 14, a DSA-negatív csoportba 52 beteget választottunk be. A DSA-érték az ABMR-csoportban 61,16%-kal csökkent, a DSA-pozitív csoportban 42,86%-kal redukálódott (Fisher-féle egzakt: p = 0,1). Az ABMR-csoportban 9 betegnek a jelentős, 4-nek a nephroticus mértékű proteinuriája csökkenthető volt (az ABMR-csoport 68%-a). A legjobb grafttúlélés a legalacsonyabb fehérjeürítésnél adódott. Az antirejekciós terápiát követően készült biopsziákban: a glomerulitis, az interstitialis gyulladás, az arteritis mértéke csökkent az antihumorális kezelés hatására, azonban krónikus elváltozások jelentek meg. Következtetés: Az ABMR-csoportban az antirejekciós terápiát követően a fehérjeürítés monitorizálása javasolt, hiszen becsülhető vele a grafttúlélés. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(26): 1029-1037.

Introduction: Antibody-mediated rejection is a common cause of graft loss among kidney transplant recipients.

Objective: We aimed to describe the response of patients with biopsy-proven humoral rejection to treatment (standard treatment: plasmapheresis, immunoglobulin, rituximab) in our center. We also analyzed the effect of proteinuria on graft survival and whether this effect is independent of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs). Changes of eGFR and level of DSA following rejection treatment were examined.

Method: In this study, laboratory data of 85 patients were analysed. Histological analysis was based on the Banff classification. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare patient groups per variable.

Results: Data from 85 patients were processed retrospectively. 19 patients were selected for the biopsy-confirmed humoral rejection group (ABMR group), 14 for the DSA-positive group, and 52 for the DSA-negative group. DSA titer decreased by 61.16% in the ABMR group after treatment and by 42.86% in the DSA-positive group (Fisher's exact test: p = 0.1). In the ABMR group, significant nephrotic proteinuria in 4 patients and severe proteinuria in 9 patients were reduced (68% of ABMR group). The patients with the lowest protein excretion had the best graft survival. In biopsies performed after antirejection therapy, the extent of glomerulitis, interstitial inflammation, arteritis decreased with antihumoral treatment, but chronic lesions appeared.

Conclusion: Following treatment of biopsy-proven ABMR, reduction of proteinuria predicts graft survival and should be monitored as an important factor-predicting prognosis. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(26): 1029-1037.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2021.32267DOI Listing

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