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At early stages of heart development, the first and second heart fields are a continuum of lateral head mesoderm-derived, cardiogenic cells.
Dev Biol
January 2025
Institute of Life Sciences and Health (ILSH), School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK. Electronic address:
Pioneering work in the chicken established that the initial development of the heart consists of two stages: the quick assembly of a beating heart, followed by the recruitment of cells from adjacent tissues to deliver the mature in-and outflow tract. Cells to build the primitive heart were dubbed the first heart field (FHF) cells, cells to be recruited later the second heart field (SHF) cells. The current view is that these cells represent distinct, maybe even pre-determined lineages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutomatic visual detection of activated sludge microorganisms based on microscopic phase contrast image optimisation and deep learning.
J Microsc
January 2025
Ningbo Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Motion and Intelligent Control, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China.
The types and quantities of microorganisms in activated sludge are directly related to the stability and efficiency of sewage treatment systems. This paper proposes a sludge microorganism detection method based on microscopic phase contrast image optimisation and deep learning. Firstly, a dataset containing eight types of microorganisms is constructed, and an augmentation strategy based on single and multisamples processing is designed to address the issues of sample deficiency and uneven distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplications of Verdazyl Radicals in Energy Storage, Molecular Electronics and Magnetism: Teaching Old Molecules New Tricks.
Chem Asian J
January 2025
University of Tasmania, School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, AUSTRALIA.
Verdazyls are a fundamental class of stable organic radicals that have been traditionally overshadowed by the more synthetically accessible stable nitroxide radicals. With the advent of enhanced synthetic routes to verdazyls, particularly in recent years, these systems are now poised to realise their potential in a range of applications across emerging technologies that will be important to addressing challenges faced by modern society. This Concept discusses the enabling properties of a selection of verdazyl-based systems that feature promising applications in energy storage, molecular electronics and magnetic molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic acid joining enzymes: biological functions and synthetic applications beyond DNA.
Biochem J
January 2025
School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, Waikato, 3216, New Zealand.
DNA-joining by ligase and polymerase enzymes has provided the foundational tools for generating recombinant DNA and enabled the assembly of gene and genome-sized synthetic products. Xenobiotic nucleic acid (XNA) analogues of DNA and RNA with alternatives to the canonical bases, so-called 'unnatural' nucleobase pairs (UBP-XNAs), represent the next frontier of nucleic acid technologies, with applications as novel therapeutics and in engineering semi-synthetic biological organisms. To realise the full potential of UBP-XNAs, researchers require a suite of compatible enzymes for processing nucleic acids on a par with those already available for manipulating canonical DNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Young people face high rates of mental health issues, yet many do not seek professional help. In 2017, CHAT launched webCHAT - a free, anonymous, one-on-one synchronous web-based text service managed by case managers (CMs) to support young people aged 16 to 30 who may be hesitant about engaging in face-to-face mental health services.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the perspectives and experiences of users who accessed webCHAT for mental health support in Singapore.
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