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Genetic disease is a common cause of bilateral childhood cataract in Denmark. | LitMetric

Genetic disease is a common cause of bilateral childhood cataract in Denmark.

Ophthalmic Genet

Departments of Clinical Genetics and Paediatrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Published: December 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • * Results indicated that 40.8% had cataracts linked to systemic diseases, 29.4% were hereditary, and 27.0% were isolated cases, with genetic testing revealing causes in many patients, although some remained undiagnosed.
  • * The findings highlight the importance of genetic evaluation and collaboration with pediatricians, as timely treatment for associated systemic diseases can prevent irreversible damage in affected children.

Article Abstract

: Bilateral childhood cataracts can be caused by a metabolic disease, constitute a part of a syndrome, run in families, be sporadic or iatrogenic. The amount of work-up needed to establish a cause is discussed and the aim of the present study was to evaluate causes of bilateral childhood cataract.: Chart review of 211 Danish children with bilateral cataracts. Information on work-up was retrieved with special focus on general health, metabolic screening, evaluation for congenital infections and genetic testing.: Cataract was seen in combination with systemic disease in 40.8%, 29.4% had hereditary cataracts, 27.0% had isolated cataract, in 1.4% it was associated with ocular malformations and 1.4% had been born prematurely without any other sequelae than the cataract. A genetic cause could be demonstrated in 74 children.: Systemic comorbidities are very common in children with cataract and are not always known prior to the diagnosis of cataract. Genetic evaluation, especially targeted analyses, provided a molecular genetic diagnosis in a large proportion of those tested but it also failed to provide a molecular genetic diagnosis in some patients with a family history suggesting autosomal dominant inheritance. Most importantly, in some patients, genetic work-up provided a diagnosis in patients where it had therapeutic consequences and where the systemic disease would have caused irreversible damage, had it not been treated timely. Given the high prevalence of systemic disease, it seems advisable to co-manage children with bilateral cataracts with a pediatrician and to include genetic evaluation as part of the work-up.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13816810.2021.1941128DOI Listing

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