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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Context of Pituitary Adenomas: Prevalence, Pathophysiology and Clinical Management.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)
December 2024
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Objective: Many review articles have explored data regarding the coexistence of specific types of pituitary adenomas (PAs) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), particularly focusing on the potential pathogenesis of this intersection and overlapping features. However, a comprehensive evaluation encompassing the full spectrum of PAs and their association with PCOS remains lacking. This review aims to provide a broad assessment of the interactions between these entities, emphasizing pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentations, diagnostic challenges and therapeutic implications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroRNA networks in prolactinoma tumorigenesis: a scoping review.
Cancer Cell Int
December 2024
Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Background: Prolactinoma is the leading type of pituitary adenoma. Aside from the mass-like effect of prolactinoma, its hormonal effect is the main pathological cause of endocrine dysregulation and infertility. The dopamine agonist administration and surgical resection are the current mainstream anti-neoplastic treatments for affected patients; however, tumor fibrosis, tumor invasion, dopamine agonist resistance, and gain prolactinomas are clinical challenges for treating affected patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Activation of p300 Enhances the Sensitivity of Pituitary Adenomas to Dopamine Agonist Treatment by Regulating the Transcription of DRD2.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.
Prolactinomas are commonly treated with dopamine receptor agonists (DAs), such as bromocriptine (BRC) and cabergoline (CAB). However, 10-30% of patients exhibit resistance to DA therapies. DA resistance is largely associated with reduced dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) expression, potentially regulated by epigenetic modifications, though the underlying mechanisms are still unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTRIM21-mediated ubiquitination and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 promotes cell proliferation and drug resistance in pituitary adenomas.
Neuro Oncol
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
Article Synopsis
- Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are common brain tumors where the TRIM family, especially TRIM21, is linked to increased cell growth and resistance to therapies, though its specific role in PAs needs further exploration.
- CRISPR screening and various experiments revealed that TRIM21 enhances cell proliferation and drug resistance in PAs by interacting with ERK1/2, ultimately affecting its activity through ubiquitination.
- Targeting TRIM21 shows potential benefits in treating PAs, as reducing its levels with drugs like Fimepinostat and Quisinostat could inhibit tumor growth and improve response to existing treatments.
B2R-D2R Interaction in Prolactinomas and Nonfunctional Adenomas: Impact on Dopamine Resistance.
Endocrinology
October 2024
Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Hormonal, IBYME-CONICET, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Prolactinomas, the most common pituitary-secreting adenomas, can be effectively treated with dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonists. However, a subset of them (∼20%) are resistant to dopamine-based therapies and require extirpation. The molecular mechanisms underlying their escape from dopaminergic regulation are not fully elucidated and may include alterations in D2R signaling.
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