Low- and Fully N-Glycosylated Gonadotropins Circulating in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

J Endocr Soc

Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, SE 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.

Published: July 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher levels of certain luteinizing hormone (LH) glycoforms in their blood, particularly the low-N-glycosylated LHdi, compared to healthy women in the follicular phase.
  • A study measured various glycoforms of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in PCOS women versus healthy women at different phases and found significant differences in levels and characteristics of these hormones.
  • Increased levels of LHdi in PCOS contribute to abnormal follicular development, while decreased levels of FSHtri hinder proper follicle growth, highlighting how hormonal imbalances affect the condition.

Article Abstract

Context: A preponderance of basic luteinizing hormone (LH) molecules having elevated bioactivity was detected in the circulation of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Subsequent studies have shown that LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) both circulate as glycoforms differing in number of glycans: low-N-glycosylated glycoforms, LHdi and FSHtri, with high in vitro bioactivity, and fully glycosylated glycoforms, LHtri and FSHtetra, with high in vivo bioactivity.

Objective: This work aims to characterize the glycosylation patterns on circulating gonadotropin glycoforms in women with PCOS.

Methods: Serum samples, collected from 8 women with PCOS were included. The concentration, sulfonation, and sialylation of each glycoform were determined and compared with values of serum samples from healthy women: 22 women at follicular phase, 16 at midcycle, and 15 after menopause.

Results: All the women with PCOS had higher LHdi serum levels compared with those in the follicular-phase group. Median LHdi and median LHtri levels were significantly elevated in PCOS women. The percentage of LHdi was increased from 37 to 49 and that of FSHtri was decreased from 41 to 33. The LHdi, LHtri, and FSHtetra glycoforms were more sialylated and both LH glycoforms less sulfonated in women with PCOS.

Conclusion: All women with PCOS had increased serum levels of LHdi, compared with those in the follicular phase. The percentage of LHdi was increased and that of FSHtri decreased in women with PCOS. The increased LHdi leads to maintenance of the abnormal early follicular development of the polycystic ovary, and the decreased FSHtri contributes to the arrested follicle growth.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8212672PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab080DOI Listing

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