Keloid scarring is a fibroproliferative disorder of the skin with unknown pathophysiology, characterised by fibrotic tissue that extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound. Therapeutic options are few and commonly ineffective, with keloids very commonly recurring even after surgery and adjunct treatments. Epigenetics, defined as alterations to the DNA not involving the base-pair sequence, is a key regulator of cell functions, and aberrant epigenetic modifications have been found to contribute to many pathologies. Multiple studies have examined many different epigenetic modifications in keloids, including DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. These studies have established that epigenetic dysregulation exists in keloid scars, and successful future treatment of keloids may involve reverting these aberrant modifications back to those found in normal skin. Here we summarise the clinical and experimental studies available on the epigenetics of keloids, discuss the major open questions and future perspectives on the treatment of this disease.
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Update on the Pathogenesis of Keloid Formation.
JID Innov
November 2024
Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Keloids are abnormal skin growths occurring in a significant portion of the global population. Despite their pervasiveness, the underlying pathophysiology of this scarring process is yet to be fully understood. In this review article, we delve into the current literature on the pathophysiological mechanisms of keloids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting the Epigenome Reduces Keloid Fibroblast Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion.
J Invest Dermatol
July 2024
Department of Dermatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address:
Keloids are pathological fibroproliferative scars resulting from abnormal collagen deposition within and beyond the margins of the initial cutaneous insult. Keloids negatively impact QOL functionally and cosmetically, with current treatment modalities unsatisfactory. Recent studies indicate that epigenetic dysregulation is central to the development and progression of keloids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene Profiling of Circular RNAs in Keloid-prone Individuals and ceRNA Network Construction During Wound Healing.
Aesthetic Plast Surg
November 2024
The Scar and Wound Treatment Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.33 Badachu Road, Beijing, 100144, China.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the role of non-coding RNAs, specifically circRNAs, in the activation and differentiation of fibroblasts in keloid formation during wound healing.
- Researchers identified 29 differentially expressed circRNAs and constructed 14 competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks to understand the mechanisms behind keloid development.
- The findings revealed a specific circRNA, circ_064002, that influences the expression of fibronectin-1 (FN1) and affects various cellular functions in keloid fibroblasts, highlighting its potential role in the pathophysiology of keloids.
Targeting the nuclear long noncoding transcript LSP1P5 abrogates extracellular matrix deposition by trans-upregulating CEBPA in keloids.
Mol Ther
June 2024
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China. Electronic address:
Keloids are characterized by fibroblast hyperproliferation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and are a major global health care burden among cutaneous diseases. However, the function of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-mediated ECM remodeling during the pathogenesis of keloids is still unclear. Herein, we identified a long noncoding transcript, namely, lymphocyte-specific protein 1 pseudogene 5 (LSP1P5), that modulates ECM component deposition in keloids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroRNAs Associated with Keloids Identified by Microarray Analysis and In Vitro Experiments.
Mol Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peking Union Medical college Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in gene regulation and the development of keloid. This research aimed to identify and verify miRNAs associated with keloids by microarray analysis and in vitro experiments, shedding light on seeking for potential therapeutic molecular targets. In this study, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed based on the GSE113620.
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