Pharm.D.s and M.D.s in the Transplant World - Friends, Foes, Competitors or All are in Evolution?

Mutual trust, efforts, and commitment between patients and providers are essential for a successful, long-lasting renal transplant. From the renal transplant recipient's side, non-adherence to the medication has gained recognition as a predominant cause of late antibody-mediated rejection. Since the early 1970s, pharmacists have been involved in the care of transplant recipients and the incorporation of transplant pharmacists has improved the outcomes in solid organ transplantation. Such involvement of clinical pharmacists extends beyond improving graft outcomes: various studies demonstrated benefits in the care of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, with commensurate reduction of cardiovascular risk. From a unique perspective, this overview aimed to discuss the emerging role of Pharm. D.s and clinical pharmacists in general as it relates to team care, education of patients and healthcare providers and the sometimes conflicting relationship between physicians and pharmacists. Additional clinically relevant studies from culturally diverse settings are needed to explore the responsibilities of clinical team members to ensure optimized teamwork efforts without overlapping and duplication of efforts.