AI Article Synopsis
- The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted public health measures like social distancing and masking, which not only limit the spread of the virus but also affect seasonal viral pathogens that trigger COPD exacerbations.
- A study analyzing data from a large health care system showed that COPD admissions dropped by 53% during the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating a potential link between reduced viral prevalence and fewer hospitalizations for COPD.
- The decline in COPD admissions was particularly significant among patients with fewer underlying health issues, suggesting that public health interventions have had a beneficial impact on respiratory health during this time.
Article Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to widespread implementation of public health measures, such as stay-at-home orders, social distancing, and masking mandates. In addition to decreasing spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, these measures also impact the transmission of seasonal viral pathogens, which are common triggers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Whether reduced viral prevalence mediates reduction in COPD exacerbation rates is unknown.
Methods: We performed retrospective analysis of data from a large, multicenter health care system to assess admission trends associated with community viral prevalence and with initiation of COVID-19 pandemic control measures. We applied difference-in-differences analysis to compare season-matched weekly frequency of hospital admissions for COPD prior to and after implementation of public health measures for COVID-19. Community viral prevalence was estimated using regional Centers for Disease Control and Prevention test positivity data and correlated to COPD admissions.
Results: Data involving 4422 COPD admissions demonstrated a season-matched 53% decline in COPD admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, which correlated to community viral burden (r = 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.78) and represented a 36% greater decline over admission frequencies observed in other medical conditions less affected by respiratory viral infections (incidence rate ratio 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.71, P < .001). The post-COVID-19 decline in COPD admissions was most pronounced in patients with fewer comorbidities and without recurrent admissions.
Conclusion: The implementation of public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with decreased COPD admissions. These changes are plausibly explained by reduced prevalence of seasonal respiratory viruses.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8196237 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.05.008 | DOI Listing |
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