Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), associated with the outbreak of deadly virus originating in Wuhan, China, is now a global health emergency and a matter of serious concern. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is rapidly spreading worldwide, and WHO declared the outbreak of this disease a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Though some of the countries have succeeded in slowing down the rate of the spread of this pandemic, most the countries across the globe are still continuing to experience an increasing trend in the growth and spread of this deadly disease. Hence, in the current scenario, is has now become essential to control and finally irradicate this deadly disease using an effective vaccine. One can expect the prominent role of already available antivirals, antibodies and anti-inflammatory drugs in the market, in this pandemic. Immunomodulatory and biological therapeutics are also in the high expectations to combat COVID-19. RNA based vaccines might be more advantageous over traditional vaccines, to deal with the pandemic threat. Aiming towards this direction, clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine are currently underway all across the globe. Currently, about 150 health related organizations and research labs are in the progress for the evolution of COVID-19 vaccines, globally. The initial aim of these clinical trials is to assess vaccine's safety, which is tested in Phase I/II/III studies where the primary outcomes typically examine the frequency of adverse effects. The vaccine is about to undergo phase III testing in several countries such as India, USA, South Africa, Brazil and England. US Government, under Operation Wrap Speed is even ready to sponsor three candidates, namely-The University of Oxford and AstraZeneca's AZD1222; Moderna's mRNA-1273; and Pfizer and BioNTech's BNT162 for Phase III trials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.04.011 | DOI Listing |
Front Med
January 2025
Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China.
The p60 subunit of the chromatin assembly factor-1 complex, that is, chromatin assembly factor-1 subunit B (CHAF1B), is a histone H3/H4 chaperone crucial for the transcriptional regulation of cell differentiation and self-renewal. CHAF1B is overexpressed in several cancers and may represent a potential target for cancer therapy. However, its expression and clinical significance in lung squamous-cell carcinoma (LUSC) remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
December 2024
Unit of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
Prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), are deadly neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the buildup of abnormal prion proteins in the brain. This accumulation disrupts neuronal functions, leading to the rapid onset of psychiatric symptoms, ataxia, and cognitive decline. The urgency of timely diagnosis for effective treatment necessitates the identification of strongly correlated biomarkers in bodily fluids, which makes our research crucial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
January 2025
The GWI and HLA Research Groups, Brain Sciences Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA.
Background: Anthrax is a serious disease caused by () with a very high mortality when the spores of are inhaled (inhalational anthrax). Aerosolized spores can be used as a deadly bioweapon. Vaccination against anthrax is the only effective preventive measure and, hence, the anthrax vaccine was administered to United States (and other) troops during the 1990-91 Gulf War.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Infect Dis
January 2025
Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Human rabies is preventable but almost always fatal once symptoms appear, causing 59,000 global deaths each year. Limited awareness and inconsistent access to post-exposure prophylaxis hinder prevention efforts. To identify gaps and opportunities for improvement in online rabies information, we assessed the readability, understandability, actionability, and completeness of online public rabies resources from government and health agencies in Australia and similar countries, with the aim of identifying gaps and opportunities for improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Res
January 2025
Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
Progressive forms of interstitial lung diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), are deadly disorders lacking non-invasive biomarkers for assessment of early disease activity, which presents a major obstacle in disease management. Excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition is a hallmark of these disorders, with fibronectin being an abundant ECM glycoprotein that is highly upregulated in early fibrosis and serves as a scaffold for the deposition of other matrix proteins. Due to its role in active fibrosis, we are targeting fibronectin as a biomarker of early lung fibrosis disease activity via the PEGylated fibronectin-binding polypeptide (PEG-FUD).
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