This study presents the first measurements of anthropogenic plutonium (Pu and Pu) concentrations and atom ratios (Pu/Pu) for Tasmania, in sediment collected from Bathurst Harbour, in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area, Australia. The weighted mean Pu/Pu atom ratio measured at this site was 0.172 ± 0.007 which is consistent with published data from mainland Australia and global and Southern Hemisphere averages. The Pu/Pu atom ratios ranged between 0.11 and 0.21 with the earliest recorded Pu/Pu atom ratios being the lowest, suggesting an influence of low atom ratio fallout from nuclear testing in Australia. Post-moratorium fallout Pu/Pu atom ratios were consistent with other records. Lead-210 (Pb) sediment chronologies indicate sediment accumulation rates have increased since the early part of the 19th century at this location.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106679 | DOI Listing |
J Colloid Interface Sci
January 2025
Departamento QUIPRE, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros 46 39005 Santander, Spain; Grupo de Nanomedicina, IDIVAL, Avda. Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain. Electronic address:
High-charge micas exhibit improved adsorption properties and are a promising alternative clay material for the engineered barrier in deep geological repositories. When combined with Eu cations, they serve as an in situ luminescent probe for tracking the physical-chemical changes occurring in this engineered barrier over the long term. Therefore, a better understanding of the local environment of the lanthanide is highly desirable to comprehend the specific behavior of these systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
Modulating the electronic properties of VSiN with high Curie temperature to realize an ideal half-metal is appealing towards spintronic applications. Here, by using first-principles calculations, we propose alloying the VSiN monolayer via substitutive doping of transition metal atoms (Sc-Ni, Y-Mo) at the V site. We find that the transition metal atom (except the Ni atom) doped VSiN systems have dynamical and thermal stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Radioact
January 2025
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, 920-1192, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Radionuclides, including I, were released into the atmosphere by the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident. We measured the dissolved I concentration in 11 rivers in eastern Fukushima from 2016 to 2020 to clarify the I concentration level in river water under base-flow conditions. During the study period, the maximum I concentration in the river water was 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
School of Physical and Applied Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa, India.
NiMnZ (Z = In, Sn or Sb) undergo martensitic transformation with transformation temperature () scaling with the average valence electron per atom (/) ratio. However, the rate of increase of depends on the type of Z atom, with the slope of / curve increasing from Z = In to Z = Sb. Local structural distortions are believed to be the leading cause of martensitic transformation in these alloys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroscopy (Oxf)
January 2025
Department of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
The distribution of dopants in host crystals significantly influences the chemical and electronic properties of materials. Therefore, determining this distribution is crucial for optimizing material performance. The previously developed statistical ALCHEMI (St-ALCHEMI), an extension of the atom-location by channeling-enhanced microanalysis (ALCHEMI) technique, utilizes variations in electron channeling based on the beam direction relative to the crystal orientation.
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