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BCG Vaccination Suppresses Glucose Intolerance Progression in High-Fat-Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice.
Medicina (Kaunas)
May 2024
Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara 903-0213, Japan.
: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine administration has been suggested to prevent glucose metabolism abnormalities and fatty liver in genetically obese mice; however, it is not clear whether the beneficial effects of BCG are also observed in the progression of glucose intolerance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Therefore, the effects of BCG vaccination on changes in glucose tolerance and insulin response were investigated in HFD-fed C57BL/6 mice. : We used the BCG Tokyo 172 strain to determine effects on abnormalities in glucose metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipotoxicity-polarised macrophage-derived exosomes regulate mitochondrial fitness through Miro1-mediated mitophagy inhibition and contribute to type 2 diabetes development in mice.
Diabetologia
December 2023
Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.
Aims/hypothesis: Insulin resistance is a major pathophysiological defect in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have provided evidence that sustained lipotoxicity-induced mitophagy deficiency can exacerbate insulin resistance, leading to a vicious cycle between mitophagy dysfunction and insulin resistance, and thereby the onset of type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that exosomes (Exos) from M2 macrophages play an essential role in modulating metabolic homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTroxerutin attenuates insulin resistance via pancreatic IL-22/JAK1/STAT3 signaling activation in dihydrotestosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
November 2022
Clinical Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely common endocrine-metabolic disorder and the main cause of infertility in premenopausal women, thus targeted treatments are sorely needed. Accumulative evidence showed that exogenous supplementation of IL-22 in PCOS mice may be of significant positive effect on insulin resistance (IR), a root causative factor for this condition, but much remained unknown about its mechanism. According to our previous study, troxerutin, a common anticoagulant and thrombolytic agent in clinic, alleviated various PCOS-like phenotypes in dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-treated rat model with unclear mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypothalamic Hnscr regulates glucose balance by mediating central inflammation and insulin signal.
Cell Prolif
January 2023
Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Objectives: Hypothalamic dysfunction leads to glucose metabolic imbalance; however, the mechanisms still need clarification. Our current study was to explore the role of hypothalamic Hnscr in glucose metabolism.
Materials And Methods: Using Hnscr knockout or htNSC-specific Hnscr overexpression mice, we evaluated the effects of Hnscr on glucose metabolism through GTTs, ITTs, serum indicator measurements, etc.
Objective: The insulin tolerance test (ITT) is the gold standard endocrine test used to assess the integrity of the growth hormone (GH) and cortisol axes. The ITT has potential risks, and severe hypoglycaemia may necessitate intravenous glucose rescue. There is no clear consensus as to the optimal insulin dose for the ITT.
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