The advent of refractive surgery and corneal cross-linking for ectatic disease has further highlighted the need to recognize early or subclinical ectatic disease. Historical systems depend on anterior corneal changes that occur late in the disease course and are commonly associated with visual loss. Tomographic imaging allows for the acquisition of posterior corneal surface data and corneal thickness distribution. This led to the development of modalities to diagnose early or subclinical keratoconus and to screen patients for refractive surgery.This article reviews the modern methods for assessing changes in posterior corneal surface and pachymetric distribution, now accepted by the major cornea societies to be the hallmarks of ectatic disease. Screening tools utilized by the commonly used tomographic imaging devices are discussed, and the difference between screening for ectasia and diagnosing keratoconus is highlighted. The Belin ABCD staging and classification system and the ABCD Progression Display are reviewed as a new grading and monitoring system that can be used for earlier intervention and prevention of visual loss in keratoconus.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ICO.0000000000002781 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Non-genetic risk factors for keratoconus and its progression.
Clin Exp Optom
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Keratoconus is a multifaceted corneal ectatic disorder characterized by a range of genetic and environmental risk factors. While genetic predisposition significantly influences global disease prevalence rates as well as severity and progression rates, emerging evidence highlights the critical interplay between environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. This article provides a comprehensive overview of environmental risk factors implicated in the onset and progression of keratoconus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastric Antral Vascular Ectasia Syndrome With Aortic Stenosis: A Twist on Heyde Syndrome?
J Med Cases
January 2025
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, USA.
Heyde syndrome is a triad of aortic stenosis (AS), gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding from angiodysplasia, and acquired von Willebrand disease (vWD). It is hypothesized that stenotic aortic valves cleave von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers, predisposing patients to bleeding from GI angiodysplasias. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that aortic valve replacement often leads to the resolution of GI bleeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of Ocular Parameters in Newly Diagnosed Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Children With Eye-Rubbing Compulsion.
Clin Pediatr (Phila)
December 2024
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize Training and Research Hospital, Merkez/Rize, Turkey.
Purpose: To determine the ocular structural changes in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) children with eye-rubbing compulsion.
Methods: Participants recruited at the child and adolescent psychiatry clinic were evaluated for the OCD diagnosis. All patients underwent imaging with Scheimpflug corneal topography (Sirius, CSO, Italy), Tomey EM-4000 specular microscopy (Nagoya, Japan), and Lenstar LS 900 (Haag-Streit AG, Switzerland) optical biometry.
Role of mA methyltransferase METTL3 in keratoconus pathogenesis.
Exp Eye Res
December 2024
State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China; School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China. Electronic address:
Keratoconus (KC) is the most common ectatic corneal disease with unknown pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the role of methyltransferase-like enzyme 3 (METTL3) in KC pathogenesis. In the present study, we examined the levels of METTL3 and other N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification-related proteins in KC samples and human stromal keratocyte (HTK) cells stimulated by mechanical stretch (MS) using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel combined oxidative stress and extracellular matrix related predictive gene signature for keratoconus.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
January 2025
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Artificial Intelligence, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China. Electronic address:
Keratoconus (KC) is an ectatic cornea disease with high prevalence and asymptomatic at early stage, leading to decreased visual acuity and even cornea transplantation. However, the etiology mechanism of keratoconus is still poorly understood. Oxidative stress (OS) and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling play critical roles in keratoconus development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!