To achieve high-efficiency nutrient removal in constructed wetlands (CWs), a novel simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal (SNPR) process was developed by combining nitrification, endogenous denitrification, and denitrifying phosphorus removal. In SNPR process, denitrifying glycogen-accumulating organisms (DGAOs) and denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DPAOs) utilized NO-N(NO-N or NO-N) as electron acceptor and poly-beta-hydroxy-alkanoates (PHAs) as carbon sources for endogenous denitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal processes. Results from 217 days of operation showed that a high-level of nitrogen removal efficiency of 83.73% was achieved with influent COD/N of 4. The success was attributed to the fact that most of influent carbon sources could be transformed into PHAs before nitrification via enriching DGAOs and DPAOs in CW, which simultaneously improved nitrification and denitrification due to reducing oxygen and carbon sources consumption by aerobic heterotrophs. Phosphorus was mainly removed via denitrifying phosphorus removal, and PO-P removal efficiency reached up to 87.84% with even common gravel used as substrate. Stoichiometry analysis revealed that DGAOs were the main organisms providing nitrite to DPAOs, suggesting that the effective PO-P removal under high DGAO abundance condition might be attributed to the coordination of DGAOs and DPAOs in SNRP processes.
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