Fulminant myocarditis (FM) has neither validated biomarkers nor well-established therapy. Roles of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in FM remain unknown. Small RNA sequencing was conducted in plasma from children with FM during acute and convalescent phase and matched healthy volunteers. Data were validated by quantitative real-time PCR in larger sample-sized groups and . Functional analysis was performed to explore the roles. tiRNA-Gln-TTG-001 was overexpressed in children with FM during acute phase, and the generation and extracellular release of tiRNA-Gln-TTG-001 were higher after myocarditis-mimicked activity . Several pathways might participate in the pathogenesis of FM. tsRNAs may play an important role in FM, and tiRNA-Gln-TTG-001 might represent a novel and promising biomarker and therapeutic target.
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