Introduction: Globally, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), represents more than 30% of all types of cancers in children aged between 0 and 9 years. In Peru, it has not been evaluated whether exclusive breastfee ding (EB) is a protective factor for ALL.
Objective: To identify the protective and risk factors associa ted with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children aged between 0 and 13 years in a national hospital in Lima, Peru.
Patients And Method: Observational, analytical study, case-control design. 112 cases diagnosed with ALL and 229 controls were evaluated. The data were collected by interviews with the mothers of both groups. The magnitude of the association between ALL and EB was estimated using the odds ratio (OR) and multivariate logistic regression in Stata v 12.
Results: 50.9% (57/112) of the cases and 51.5% (118/229) of the controls were male. The mean age of the cases was 6.7 ± 3.2 years and of the controls 5.7 ± 3.5 years. The mean age of the mothers of the cases was 35.9 ± 6.5 and of the controls was 34.1 ± 7.1 years. EB reduces the risk of ALL by 44% compared with those who did not receive it, OR 0.56, p = 0.017, 95% CI (0.35-0.90). Complete secondary education reduces the risk of ALL by 62%, OR 0.38 CI 95% (0.15-0.61).
Conclusions: Exclusive breastfeeding and the mother's complete secondary education are protective factors for the development of ALL in children and adolescents.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v92i1.2617 | DOI Listing |
The significance of endogenous immune surveillance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains controversial. Using clinical B-ALL samples and a novel mouse model, we show that neoantigen-specific CD4+ T cells are induced to adopt type-1 regulatory (Tr1) function in the leukemia microenvironment. Tr1s then inhibit cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, preventing effective leukemia clearance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHematology
December 2025
Cellular Therapy & Transplantation Program, Hopital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) represents a valuable graft source in the absence of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donor for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs), targeting grafts with mismatched HLA antigens, pose a significant obstacle by increasing the risk of primary graft failure, delayed engraftment, and decreased survival. Existing literature on HLA desensitization has primarily focused on haploidentical transplants, and there is a lack of experience regarding the optimal strategy in UCB transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Blood Cancer
January 2025
Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Transplant Cell Ther
January 2025
University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Background: Multiple factors have been described to influence the risk of acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD or cGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), including underlying chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and high-dose total body irradiation (TBI). However, the impact of the underlying disease or low-dose TBI on the risk of GVHD in the modern era has not been determined.
Objective: To determine risk factors for GVHD in the modern era in the setting of antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based GVHD prophylaxis.
INTRODUCTION ETV6::JAK2 is a fusion known to drive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) in the presence of other genomic lesions which define the JAK/STAT class of Philadelphia-like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (Ph-like ALL). Ph-like ALL comprises approximately 15% of ALL. Patients with mutations or gene fusions signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway have particularly poor prognosis.
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