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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13347-021-00460-9 | DOI Listing |
Integr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
Industrieverband Agrar e. V. (IVA), Wissenschaft und Innovation, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Current publications that are shaping public perception repeatedly claim that residues of plant protection products (PPP) in the environment demonstrate gaps in assessing the exposure and effects of PPP, allegedly revealing the inability of the European regulatory system to prevent environmental contamination and damage such as biodiversity decline. The hypothesis is that environmental risk assessments rely on inappropriate predictive models that underestimate exposure and do not explicitly account for the impact of combinations of environmental stressors and physiological differences in stress responses. This article puts this criticism into context to allow for a more balanced evaluation of the European regulatory system for PPP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Athens, 15773, Greece.
The European Union (EU) currently addresses the issue of contaminated land management through the national frameworks of its member states, as there is no such EU legislation thus far. However, with the introduction of the new EU Soil Strategy and the anticipated Soil Monitoring Law, EU countries are poised to receive a unified legislative tool that is expected to enhance their soil policies significantly. These legislative developments are set to introduce key initiatives such as the establishment of a contaminated site registry and the imposition of restrictions on soil contamination using screening values and soil monitoring practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLakartidningen
January 2025
docent, institutionen för klinisk neuro-vetenskap, Karolins-ka institutet.
There are four paths to a Swedish medical license. A shared agreement exists for those converting from a European license to recognize qualifications granted in the respective countries mutually. Swedish medical graduates and International Medical Graduates (IMGs) trained outside the EU/EES/Schweiz are assessed against the professional qualifications specified in the Higher Education Ordinance (1993:100).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
NiPERA, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) derived under the European Water Framework Directive are legally binding and enshrined in individual European Member State Country national legislation. These EQS are derived following well-established guidance documents. In 2013, EQS for nickel were derived for freshwaters to be protective against long and short-term exposures, at 4 and 34 µg L-1, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite the EU legislation regulating the circulation of dietary and food supplements within the internal market, the system of state control requires improvement. For instance, due to existing regulatory gaps, certain pharmaceutical entities commit violations of regulatory requirements, such as failing to register medicinal products and selling them under the guise of dietary and/or food supplements. Conversely, physicians may recommend ordinary dietary and food supplements to patients as if they were medicinal products.
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