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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2107276118 | DOI Listing |
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Modeling straight and circle swimmers: from single swimmer to collective motion.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
November 2024
Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy.
We propose a simple numerical model for the motion of microswimmers based on the immersed boundary method. The swimmer, either pusher or puller, is represented by a distribution of point forces corresponding to the body and the flagellum. We study in particular the minimal model consisting of only three beads (two for the body and one for the flagellum) connected by rigid, inextensible links.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid identification of primary atopic disorders (PAD) by a clinical landmark-guided, upfront use of genomic sequencing.
Allergol Select
October 2024
Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Helios Hospital Krefeld, Academic Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Krefeld.
Article Synopsis
- Primary atopic disorders (PAD) are rare genetic conditions caused by specific gene variants that affect skin and immune function, making diagnosis challenging among common allergic disease cases.
- Identifying PAD requires recognizing clinical red flags like family history and unusual infections, as conventional lab tests are inadequate for definitive diagnosis.
- Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) enhances diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, but requires careful interpretation and collaboration among specialists to effectively manage PAD cases.
Microplastic ingestion induces energy loss on the copepod Tigriopus koreanus.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
October 2024
Marine Biotechnology & Bioresource Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
In marine environments, exposure to microplastics threaten various organisms. A large portion of MPs may be bioavailable to copepods, and ingesting MPs has been reported to induce various adverse effects, including increased mortality, developmental retardation, and decreased reproduction. Adverse effects of MPs on these important processes of copepods may be induced by the obstructive effects of the ingested MPs on energy acquisition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of cognition as a factor regulating the diving responses of animals, including humans.
J Exp Biol
October 2024
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
The dive response involves three main components - breath holding, reduced heart rate and increased peripheral vasoconstriction - and is ubiquitous during forced dives in air-breathing vertebrates; however, numerous studies in free-diving animals have shown that the heart rate response to diving varies considerably in a manner that suggests cognitive control. Furthermore, studies on free-diving animals and controlled experiments in trained animals both indicate that the dive response can be conditioned, such that the reduction in heart rate begins before submergence and the extent of the reduction is set early in the dive. In addition, numerous species also experience an increase in heart rate and blood flow during ascent at the end of a dive, a phenomenon commonly called 'ascent tachycardia'.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWind gates olfaction-driven search states in free flight.
Curr Biol
October 2024
Integrative Neuroscience Program, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, NV 89557, USA; Ecology Evolution and Conservation Biology Program, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, NV 89557, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, NV 89557, USA. Electronic address:
For organisms tracking a chemical cue to its source, the motion of their surrounding fluid provides crucial information for success. Swimming and flying animals engaged in olfaction-driven search often start by turning into the direction of an oncoming wind or water current. However, it is unclear how organisms adjust their strategies when directional cues are absent or unreliable, as is often the case in nature.
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