Background: Regular practice of a cognitively stimulating activity, such as chess, can help maintain a healthy cognitive, social, and psychological state during the aging process.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of a chess-training program on cognitive status, mood, and quality of life (QoL) in a sample of institutionalized and semi-institutionalized older adults.
Method: A nonrandomized, controlled pilot study with repeated measures (pre- and post-intervention) was conducted.
Results: Analyses revealed a positive impact of the chess program on general cognitive status (p < 0.001) and promising evidence (p < 0.043) of an impact on attention, processing speed, and executive functions. The participants in the intervention group also showed significant improvement in QoL scores (p < 0.021).
Conclusions: A 12-week chess-training protocol with two 60-minute sessions per week improved cognition and QoL in a sample of institutionalized and semi-institutionalized older adults. Further research with larger samples is needed to explore its effects in depth.
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Effectiveness of a chess-training program for improving cognition, mood, and quality of life in older adults: A pilot study.
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Universidade da Coruña, Gerontology and Geriatrics Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address:
Background: Regular practice of a cognitively stimulating activity, such as chess, can help maintain a healthy cognitive, social, and psychological state during the aging process.
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Method: A nonrandomized, controlled pilot study with repeated measures (pre- and post-intervention) was conducted.
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Centro de Salud Mental de Villalba, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda (IDIPHIM)-Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, España.
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Division Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmuhlestrasse 14/Box 25, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland; International Normal Aging and Plasticity Imaging Center, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP), Dynamic of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Special Education, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address:
The game of chess can be seen as a typical example for an expertise task requiring domain-specific training and experience. Despite intensive behavioural studies the neural underpinnings of chess performance and expertise are not entirely understood. A few functional neuroimaging studies have shown that expert chess players recruit different psychological functions and activate different brain areas while they are engaged in chess-related activities.
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