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: In elite athletes, training individualization is widely recommended to optimize competitive performance. Previous studies have evidenced the impact of hormonal fluctuations on different performance parameters among female athletes. While consideration of menstrual cycle (MC) phases as a parameter in training individualization strategies is necessary, systematic evidence identifying such impacts in elite athletes should be evaluated. : Systematically review publications that have investigated the link between MC phases and performance in elite female athletes. The overarching aim is to identify whether a consensus across studies exists enabling evidence-based recommendations for training individualization depending on menstrual cycle phases. : This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Three major scientific publication databases were searched from inception until November 3, 2020. Studies included focused on the influence of physiological or psychological parameters throughout at least one phase of the menstrual cycle of elite athletes. : A total of 780 search results were yielded and 26 references from a past bibliography were added manually. About 662 papers were reviewed of which 218 studies were assessed for eligibility. Of these, only seven (1%) precisely investigated the influence of a performance or physical parameter during at least one menstrual cycle phase. These seven studies included a total of 314 elite female participants (20.58 ± 1.91 years). Three used interviews, questionnaires or prospective analyses of reports. Four conducted several performance tests or included physical measures although only two performed tests during training or before/during competition. Among the seven studies, five performed hormonal testing through sampling of blood, saliva, or urine. The remaining relied on athletes' menstruation diaries. The current evidence suggests a variable association between menstrual cycle and a few performance-related outcomes, such as endurance or power resistance, ligament stiffness, decision making skills, psychology, or competitiveness. : Different sports performance-related parameters are affected during the menstrual cycle among elite athletes, but the parameters themselves and the magnitude and the direction of the effects are inconclusive. Additional longitudinal and prospective studies to systematically monitor on-field performance parameters are urgently required in order to enable recommendations and training individualization in female elite athletes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.654585 | DOI Listing |
Pharmacol Ther
December 2024
Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan. Electronic address:
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is one of the major prevalent causes of infertility reported worldwide nearly 6-26 %, especially in girls hitting puberty and women at their childbearing age. The main clinical manifestations include irregular menstrual cycle, small cysts on one or both ovaries, chronic oligo-anovulation, and hirsutism. The etiological criteria are very complex and related to many factors like obesity, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, hyperandrogenism, diabetes mellitus type II, cardiovascular diseases, and dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Sports Physiol Perform
December 2024
Division of Health, Engineering, Computing and Science, Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand.
Purpose: Continuous-glucose-monitoring (CGM) sensors provide near-real-time glucose data and have been introduced commercially as a tool to inform nutrition decisions. The aim of this pilot study was to explore how factors such as the menstrual phase, extended running duration, and carbohydrates affect CGM outcomes among trained eumenorrheic females in an outdoor simulated ultraendurance running event.
Methods: Twelve experienced female ultrarunners (age 39 [6] y) participated in this crossover study.
Hum Reprod
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Study Question: To what extent are self-reported diagnoses of food allergies associated with fecundability, the per-cycle probability of conception?
Summary Answer: Fecundability was not appreciably associated with self-reported food allergy diagnoses, number of food allergies, age at first diagnosis, or time since last allergic reaction.
What Is Known Already: Food allergies are atopic diseases that are characterized by an inappropriate immune response to a normally harmless dietary substance. While some studies have observed associations between atopic disorders and infertility, no study has examined the association between food allergies and fecundability, the per-cycle probability of conception.
JMIR Form Res
December 2024
School of Computer Science, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Background: People with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) experience a range of symptoms that increase and decline as a result of the natural hormonal fluctuations of the menstrual cycle. For the diagnosis of PMDD, symptom severity needs to be recorded daily for at least two symptomatic cycles. In recent years, the rise in interest in Femtech (tools and technology developed to address women's health issues) has resulted in a large quantity of "period-tracking apps" being developed and downloaded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecidualization of endometrial stromal cells is a prerequisite for successful embryo implantation and early pregnancy. Decidualization dysregulation results in implantation failure. In our previous study, we reported that PAI-1 is abnormally downregulated in the endometrial tissue samples of patients with recurrent implantation failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!