Objective: This study aimed to assess subjective sleep and wake disorders (SWD) in patients with osteoarthritis and comorbid end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving hemodialysis (ESRD-HD) compared to patients with osteoarthritis and without chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as to clarify of the association of subjective sleep characteristics with the levels of anxiety and depression and pain, general health score and laboratory parameters in these cohorts.
Material And Methods: This pilot case-control study included the patients with stage III hip osteoarthritis with ESRD-HD (=19) and without CKD (=19) aged 18-85 years. The patients received the consultations of orthopedic surgeon and internal medicine specialist with anthropometry and clinical and biochemical blood tests. Subjective SWD were assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), diagnostic criteria for restless legs syndrome (RLS) and Berlin questionnaire. Anxiety and depression were assessed with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Subjective general health and osteoarthritis-related pain were assessed with visual analog scales (VAS).
Results: Compared to the patients with osteoarthritis and without CKD, the patients with osteoarthritis and ESRD-HD had a lower VAS score for general health (50.00 (40.00-75.00) points and 80.00 (70.00-80.00) points, =0.014), a higher PSQI (12.0 (8.5-14.5) points and 8.0 (6.0-11.0) points, =0.046), a higher incidence of RLS (59% and 16.8%, =0.017) and a lower level of anxiety according to HADS (0.0 (0.0-3.0) points and 3.0 (2.0-5.5) points, =0.025). The correlation and regression analysis showed the association of PSQI score with VAS score for general health (b= -1.7 points, =0.002 with adjustment for age, sex and ESRD-HD), as well as the association of SWD with laboratory markers (PSQI score with creatinine level, FSS with eosinophil count, RLS with creatinine, urea and potassium levels).
Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrated the high incidence of SWD in patients with osteoarthritis. These SWD have complex pathogenesis and require specific approach in patients with osteoarthritis and ESRD-HD.
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