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Patient-derived tumor models: a more suitable tool for pre-clinical studies in colorectal cancer. | LitMetric

Patient-derived tumor models: a more suitable tool for pre-clinical studies in colorectal cancer.

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy.

Published: June 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths globally, and existing models fail to accurately represent its complex biology and genetic diversity, hindering treatment development.
  • - Patient-derived models, which replicate the heterogeneity of CRC and the tumor microenvironment, have been created by implanting patient tissue into immunodeficient mice and growing tumor organoids.
  • - This review discusses how these innovative models can help understand CRC progression and metastasis, create drug screening platforms for new therapies, and predict how patients will respond to treatments.

Article Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC), despite the advances in screening and surveillance, remains the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The biological inadequacy of pre-clinical models to fully recapitulate the multifactorial etiology and the complexity of tumor microenvironment and human CRC's genetic heterogeneity has limited cancer treatment development. This has led to the development of Patient-derived models able to phenocopy as much as possible the original inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity of CRC, reflecting the tumor microenvironment's cellular interactions. Implantation of patient tissue into immunodeficient mice hosts and the culture of tumor organoids have allowed advances in cancer biology and metastasis. This review highlights the advantages and limits of Patient-derived models as innovative and valuable pre-clinical tools to study progression and metastasis of CRC, develop novel therapeutic strategies by creating a drug screening platform, and predict the efficacy of clinical response to therapy.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8168319PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01970-2DOI Listing

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