Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was first identified in the 1930s and it imposes a major economic burden on the poultry industry. In particular, GI-19 lineage has spread globally and has evolved constantly since it was first detected in China. In this study, we analyzed gene sequences from 60 IBVs isolated in South Korea. Two IBV lineages, GI-15 and GI-19, were identified in South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that there were six distinct subgroups (KM91-like, K40/09-like, and QX-like I to IV) of the South Korean GI-19 IBVs. Among them, QX-type III and IV subgroups, which are phylogenetically different from those reported in South Korea in the past, accounted for more than half of the total. Moreover, the phylogeographic analysis of the QX-like subgroups indicated at least four distinct introductions of GI-19 IBVs into South Korea during 2001-2020. The efficacy of commercialized vaccines against the recently introduced QX-like subgroups should be verified, and continuous international surveillance efforts and quarantine procedures should be enhanced to prevent the incursion of viruses.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061045 | DOI Listing |
ChemSusChem
December 2024
Soongsil University, Department of Chemistry, 06978, Seoul, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF.
MXene 2D materials and non-noble transition metal oxide nanoparticles have been proposed as novel pH-universal platforms for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), owing to the enhancement of active site exposures and conductivity. Herein, Co3O4-RuO2 /Ti3C2Tx/carbon cloths (CRMC) were assembled in a facile way as an efficient OER platform through a hydrothermal process. The Co3O4-RuO2/Ti3C2Tx demonstrated prominent OER catalytic performance under acidic and alkaline conditions, which showed overpotential values of 195 and 247 mV at 10 mA cm-2 with Tafel slopes of 93 and 97 mVdec-1, respectively.
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December 2024
JiangXi University of Science and Technology, 156 Ke Jia Avenue,, Ganzhou, CHINA.
Benzothiadiazole (BT) has shown promising applications in fullerene solar cells. However, few BT-based polymer donors exhibited a noticeable power conversion efficiency (PCE) for the fused-ring small molecular acceptor-based polymer solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we developed a D-A (D: donor, A: acceptor) polymer donor F-1 based on fluorinated BT (ffBT) as A unit and chlorinated benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b'] dithiophene (BDT-2Cl) as D unit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
December 2024
Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Chemistry, UNIST-gil 50, Bldg.108, Rm901-5, 44919, Ulsan, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF.
Nanographenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, both finite forms of graphene, are promising organic semiconducting materials because their optoelectronic and magnetic properties can be modulated through precise control of their molecular peripheries. Several atomically precise edge structures have been prepared by bottom-up synthesis; however, no systematic elucidation of these edge topologies at the molecular level has been reported. Herein, we describe rationally designed modular syntheses of isomeric dibenzoixenes with diverse molecular peripheries, including cove, zigzag, bay, fjord, and gulf structured.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
Designer heterostructures have offered a very powerful strategy to create exotic superconducting states by combining magnetism and superconductivity. In this Letter, we use a heterostructure platform combining supramolecular metal complexes (SMCs) with a quasi-2D van der Waals superconductor NbSe_{2}. Our scanning tunneling microscopy measurements demonstrate the emergence of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bands arising from the interaction between the SMC magnetism and the NbSe_{2} superconductivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
We give for the first time theoretical estimates of unknown rare electron-capture (EC) decay branchings of ^{44}Ti, ^{57}Co, and ^{139}Ce, relevant for searches of (exotic) dark-matter particles. The nuclear-structure calculations have been done exploiting the nuclear shell model with well-established Hamiltonians and an advanced theory of β decay. In the absence of experimental measurements of these rare branches, these estimates are of utmost importance for terrestrial searches of dark-matter particles, such as axionic dark matter in the form of axionlike particles, anapole dark matter, and dark photons in nuclear transitions.
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