Breast feeding is regarded as the preferred nutrition modality for children during the first few months of life. It not only furthers growth and development but also is supposed to impact later life. The first 1000 days are regarded as a critical window for development, even beyond infancy. The physiological basis underlying this beneficial effect is not clear. Sirtuins are important regulatory proteins of metabolism and are supposed to play a critical role in ageing and longevity as well as in diseases. In the present study, we developed novel methods to assay sirtuin 1 and sirtuin 3 at enzyme activity (via fluorometry) and protein levels (by Western blot) in the aqueous phase and in the cell pellet of human breast milk and assessed the impact of ongoing lactation during the neonatal period. Sirtuin activities in the aqueous phase were negatively correlated with the duration of lactation in the neonatal period. There was no correlation of sirtuin activities in the cell pellet with the duration of lactation. The amounts of sirtuin 1 and sirtuin 3 measured by Western blot were negatively correlated with the lactation period.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060348 | DOI Listing |
Aging Dis
January 2025
Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog 1478, Norway.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by extracellular beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular Tau tangles, leading to progressive cognitive decline and neuronal dysfunction. Impaired autophagy, a process by which a cell breaks down and destroys damaged or abnormal proteins and other substances, contributes to AD progression. This study investigated Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group D Member 1 (NR1D1) as a potential therapeutic target for modulating autophagy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Commun Signal
January 2025
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) initiates a complex signaling cascade that is crucial for inducing osteoclast differentiation and activation. RANKL-induced signaling has been analyzed in detail, and the involvement of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK), NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and molecules that contain an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) has been reported. However, the precise molecular steps that regulate RANKL signaling remain largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Res
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University (The First Hospital of Jiaxing), No.1882, Zhonghuan North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Dysfunction in podocyte mitophagy has been identified as a contributing factor to the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and BMAL1 plays an important role in the regulation of mitophagy. Thus, this study intended to examine the impact of BMAL1 on podocyte mitophagy in DN and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.
Materials And Methods: High D-glucose (HG)-treated MPC5 cells was used as a podocyte injury model for investigating the potential roles of BMAL1 in DN.
J Agric Food Chem
January 2025
Department of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
This study aimed to evaluate the cholesterol-regulatory effects of lauric-acid-esterified octacosanol (LEO) and oleic-acid-esterified octacosanol (OEO) compared to their unmodified counterparts and to investigate the underlying mechanisms by partially substituting the fat content in obese C57BL/6J mice induced with a high-fat diet (HFD). Rice bran oil and coconut oil were also investigated as they are rich in oleic acid and lauric acid, respectively. The results showed that all supplemented groups significantly inhibited weight gain induced by the HFD, but the groups treated with esterified octacosanol exhibited a more pronounced effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIr J Med Sci
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatology Clinic, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: Sirtuins and FoxO1 are reported to be important in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate whether serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations differ between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and also to compare these markers in early- and late-onset preeclampsia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 27 women with early-onset preeclampsia, 27 women with late-onset preeclampsia, and 26 healthy normotensive pregnant controls.
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