Changes in intestinal microbiome and barrier function are critical in the development of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Here, we determined the effects of a one-week alcohol withdrawal on parameters of intestinal barrier function in heavy drinkers with ALD in comparison to healthy non-drinkers (controls). In serum samples of 17 controls (m = 10/f = 7) and 37 age-matched ALD patients (m = 26/f = 11) undergoing a one-week alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver health and intestinal barrier function were assessed. Liver damage, e.g., fibrosis and hepatic steatosis, were assessed using FibroScan. Before alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver damage, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and overall TLR4/TLR2 ligands in serum were significantly higher in ALD patients than in controls, whereas intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and zonulin protein concentrations in serum were lower. All parameters, with the exception of LBP, were significantly improved after alcohol withdrawal; however, not to the level of controls. Our data suggest that one-week of abstinence improves markers of intestinal barrier function and liver health in ALD patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051659 | DOI Listing |
Physiol Behav
December 2024
Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a condition with multifactorial causes, including biopsychosocial factors. Childhood exposure to stress may increase susceptibility to AUD in adulthood. Despite its significance, the interaction between stress and AUD remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnited European Gastroenterol J
December 2024
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Background: Portal hypertension (PH) resulting from static and dynamic intrahepatic changes drives liver-related complications even after removing the underlying aetiological factor.
Objective: We investigated the impact of inflammation on the dynamic component of PH during disease regression in animal models of toxin-induced cirrhosis and patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis.
Methods: In mice, cirrhosis was induced via toxin application for 12 weeks followed by toxin-withdrawal allowing for one or 2 weeks of regression.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci
December 2024
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia23298, United States.
The development of highly potent and selective μ opioid receptor (MOR) modulators with favorable drug-like properties has always been a focus in the opioid domain. Our previous efforts led to the discovery of a lead compound designated as NAT, a potent centrally acting MOR modulator. However, the fact that NAT precipitated considerable withdrawal effects at higher doses largely impaired its further development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Stress
November 2024
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, IND.
Background: Disulfiram is widely used to treat alcohol use disorder. Alcohol per se adversely affects bone health. In the experimental study, disulfiram leads to apoptosis of osteoblast and significant osteopenia in adult rats.
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