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Nat Chem Biol
January 2025
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
RAF protein kinases are major RAS effectors that function by phosphorylating MEK. Although all three RAF isoforms share a conserved RAS binding domain and bind to GTP-loaded RAS, only ARAF uniquely enhances RAS activity. Here we uncovered the molecular basis of ARAF in regulating RAS activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Urol
January 2025
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
Purpose: Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in nulliparous female elite athletes, but underlying pathophysiology is inadequately understood. We examined urinary symptoms and associated pelvic floor anatomy and function in this population, hypothesizing that athletes with UI would exhibit pelvic floor findings seen in older incontinent women (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
University of Kiel, Physics, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098, Kiel, GERMANY.
The influence of coadsorbed ions on adsorbate diffusion, an inherent effect at solid-liquid interfaces, was studied for adsorbed sulfur on Ag(100) electrodes in the presence of bromide or iodide. Quantitative in situ high-speed scanning tunnelling microscopy (video-STM) measurements were performed both in the potential regime of the c(2×2) halide adlayer at its saturation coverage and in the regime of a disordered adlayer where the halide coverage increases with potential. These studies reveal a surprising non-monotonic potential dependence of Sad diffusion with an initial increase with halide coverage, followed by a decrease upon halide adlayer ordering into the c(2×2) structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Diab Rep
January 2025
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: Insulin restriction is commonly studied as a form of disordered eating, but people may restrict insulin for many reasons. This systematic review examined how insulin restriction has been conceptualized and measured, and its associated predictors and outcomes.
Recent Findings: Forty-seven unique articles measured non-specified insulin restriction (IR), insulin restriction specifically for weight control (IRWC), or both.
J Physiol
January 2025
Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Motor neurons (MNs) within the nucleus ambiguus innervate the skeletal muscles of the larynx, pharynx and oesophagus, which are essential for swallow. Disordered swallow (dysphagia) is a serious problem in elderly humans, increasing the risk of aspiration, a key contributor to mortality. Despite this importance, very little is known about the pathophysiology of ageing dysphagia and the relative importance of frank muscle weakness compared to timing/activation abnormalities.
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