Translation, Trans-Cultural Adaptation to Arabic, and Psychometric Testing of a Questionnaire Measuring Colorectal Cancer Knowledge, Perceptions, and Screening Practices among Average-Risk Population.

Purpose: Modifying, translating to Arabic, trans-culturally adapting, and testing the psychometric properties of colorectal cancer knowledge perception screening survey (CRCKPSS) to fit with Arabic culture to measure Jordanian average risk population's health beliefs about colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: A methodological cross-sectional design was employed to recruit a convenience sample of 460 average-risk Jordanian adults aged 50-75 years from the outpatient departments (OPDs) of two governmental hospitals in Jordan. The study was conducted in three phases: (a) Minimal modification of the CRCKPSS was undertaken. (b) Translation and transcultural adaptation of the modified version from English to Arabic were undertaken. (c) Validation of the trans-culturally modified Arabic version was performed.

Results: Construct validity of the final trans-culturally modified Arabic version was evaluated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which yielded five factors. The total variance explained by all extracted factors was 83.4%. Cronbach's alpha was applied separately for all five subscales and ranged between 0.94 and 0.98, indicating that the adapted version items have distinguishing consistency.

Conclusions: Examining communities' health beliefs regarding CRC is an important issue and requires a culturally valid and reliable scale. The modified Arabic version exhibited acceptable content, construct, convergent, and discriminant validity when used with the Jordanian average-risk population. Nurses and other health professionals can use it to assess beliefs about CRC and screening practices accurately. Moreover, the scale may be beneficial to other Arab countries, considering the diverse dialects within the Arab world.
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