Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute inflammatory disease that unforeseeably develops in very low birth weight premature infants. NEC is characterized by impairment of the intestinal barrier resulting in intestinal necrosis and multisystem organ failure. Animal models of NEC have contributed significantly to a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of the disease and facilitated the exploration of potential new therapeutic strategies. Here, we provide a detailed protocol that recapitulates some of the main histological and transcriptional features of human NEC in newborn mice.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1488-4_9 | DOI Listing |
Children (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
L-citrulline (L-CIT), a precursor to L-arginine (L-ARG), is a key contributor to the nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway. Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by deficient nitric oxide synthesis, is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neonatal conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) associated pulmonary hypertension (PH). This review summarizes the current evidence around the possible role of L-CIT supplementation in the treatment of these conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Res
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Objective: To evaluate the label accuracy of commercial infant probiotic products and identify potential microbial contamination.
Methods: DNA was extracted from seventeen infant probiotic products purchased from a large online vendor. Samples underwent 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, QIIME analysis, and bacterial taxonomic classification.
J Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Objective: To characterize the association between maternal ethnicity and infant survival to discharge without major morbidity.
Study Design: This is secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of infants born <27 weeks of gestation at NICHD Neonatal Research Network centers from 2006 through 2020. The primary outcome was survival to discharge without major morbidity (sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia grade 3, intracranial hemorrhage grade ≥3, periventricular leukomalacia, and advanced retinopathy of prematurity).
J Pediatr Surg
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address:
Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe illness with high mortality. Traditional risk factors are prematurity and neonatal stress. Maternal risk factors have also been postulated but are often overlooked.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Surg
January 2025
David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating illness with mortality rates approaching 26 %, with 4 % of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) receiving this diagnosis. In this retrospective cohort study, the Pediatric Health Information System database was used to compare outcomes among patients with NEC diagnoses between 2019 and 2021 by CHD. The association of clinical factors with the outcomes of interest were compared using multivariable logistic regression.
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