We report the development of a photocatalytic strategy for the synthesis of β-functionalized unsymmetrical 1,4-, 1-6 and 1,7-diketones from aroyl chlorides and unactivated alkenes at room temperature. The mild reaction conditions not only tolerate a wide range of functional groups and structural moieties, but also enable migration of a variety of distal groups including (hetero)arenes, nitrile, aldehyde, oxime-derivative, and alkene. The efficiency of chirality transfer, factors that control the distal-group migration, and synthesis of carbo- and heterocycles from the diketones are also described. Mechanistic studies suggest a reaction pathway involving a photocatalytic radical aroylation of unactivated alkenes followed by a distal-group migration, oxidation, and deprotonation to afford the desired diketones.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.9b03570 | DOI Listing |
Org Biomol Chem
January 2025
Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
We present a visible-light-promoted radical cascade cyclization reaction sulfonylmethylation, cyano insertion, and radical cyclization of unactivated alkenes bearing cyano groups. This strategy enables the rapid synthesis of sulfonylmethylated phenanthridines under mild conditions with broad substrate compatibility, operational simplicity, and mild reaction conditions. The developed approach provides a novel pathway for assembling complex polycyclic nitrogen-containing frameworks, addressing a critical synthetic challenge and expanding the toolbox of photochemical transformations in organic synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
January 2025
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key (Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint) Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University Shantou 515063 P. R. China
In the past few years, the direct activation of organohalides by ligated boryl radicals has emerged as a potential synthetic tool for cross-coupling reactions. In most existing methods, ligated boryl radicals are accessed from NHC-boranes or amine-boranes. In this work, we report a new photocatalytic platform by modular assembly of readily available amines and diboron esters to access a library of ligated boryl radicals for reaction screening, thus enabling the cross-coupling of organohalides and alkenes including both activated and unactivated ones for C(sp)-C(sp) bond formation by using the assembly of DABCO A1 and BNepB1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Nankai University, College of Chemistry, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, CHINA.
Cyclopropanes are prevalent in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and bioactive compounds, functioning as a significant structural motif. Although a series of methods have been developed for the construction of the cyclopropane skeleton, the development of a direct and efficient strategy for the rapid synthesis of cyclopropanes from bench-stable starting materials with a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance remains challenging and highly desirable. Herein, we present an electrochemical method for the direct cyclopropanation of unactivated alkenes using active methylene compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
January 2025
School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, 8 Yikang Road, Hangzhou 311300, PR China.
A Fe-catalyzed hydrocyclization reaction of unactivated alkenes was developed, utilizing PhSiH as the hydrogen source, yielding 2,3-dihydroquinazolinone (DHQZ) derivatives in moderate to good yields. Notably, when the substrate was switched to -cyano--(2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)benzamides, the reaction yielded only the unreduced products. Mechanistic studies revealed that the intramolecular addition of the in situ formed radical to the unactivated alkene results in the formation of the fused ring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
Allylic ethers and alcohols are essential structural motifs commonly present in natural products and pharmaceuticals. Direct allylic C-H oxygenation of internal alkenes is one of the most direct methods, bypassing the necessity for an allylic leaving group that is needed in the traditional Tsuji-Trost reaction. Herein, we develop an efficient and practical method for synthesizing (E)-allyl ethers from readily available internal alkenes and alcohols or phenols via selective allylic C-H oxidation.
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