AI Article Synopsis
- Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are crucial enzymes involved in various biological processes, and they are categorized into Zn-dependent and NAD-dependent types.
- Research has highlighted the significance of HDAC modulation particularly in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, with an initial focus on Zn-dependent HDACs.
- Growing evidence suggests that NAD-dependent HDACs, known as sirtuins, are also vital players in these conditions and could be promising pharmacological targets, especially given their reduced levels in central nervous system disorders leading to increased pathology.
Article Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that regulate several processes, such as transcription, cell proliferation, differentiation and development. HDACs are classified as either Zn -dependent or NAD -dependent enzymes. Over the years, experimental and clinical evidence has demonstrated that HDAC modulation is a critical process in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, most of the studies have focused on the role of Zn -dependent HDACs in the development of these diseases, although there is growing evidence showing that the NAD -dependent HDACs, known as sirtuins, are also very promising targets. This possibility has been strengthened by reports of decreased levels of NAD in CNS disorders, which can lead to alterations in sirtuin activation and therefore result in increased pathology. In this review, we discuss the role of sirtuins in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders as well the possible rationale for them to be considered as pharmacological targets in future therapeutic interventions. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Building Bridges in Neuropharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.8/issuetoc.
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