Implications of mRNA translation dysregulation for neurological disorders.

Semin Cell Dev Biol

Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Published: June 2021

The translation of information encoded in the DNA into functional proteins is one of the tenets of cellular biology. Cell survival and function depend on the tightly controlled processes of transcription and translation. Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation in mRNA translation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several neurodevelopmental diseases, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fragile X syndrome (FXS) as well as neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this review, we provide an overview of mRNA translation and its modes of regulation that have been implicated in neurological disease.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8144541PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.09.005DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

mrna translation
12
translation
5
implications mrna
4
translation dysregulation
4
dysregulation neurological
4
neurological disorders
4
disorders translation
4
translation encoded
4
encoded dna
4
dna functional
4

Similar Publications

Deciphering the impact of NOS-derived NO on nitrogen metabolism and carbon flux in the heterocytous cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos-aquae 2012/KM1/D3.

Plant Physiol Biochem

January 2025

Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. Electronic address:

Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are heme-based monooxygenases that catalyze the NADPH-dependent oxidation of L-arginine to produce NO and L-citrulline. Over the past five years, the identification and characterization of NOS homologs in cyanobacteria have significantly advanced our understanding of these enzymes. However, the precise mechanisms through which NOS-derived NO influences nitrogen metabolism remain incompletely elucidated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In many bacteria, the location of the mRNA start codon is determined by a short ribosome binding site sequence that base pairs with the 3'-end of 16S rRNA (rRNA) in the 30S subunit. Many groups have changed these short sequences, termed the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence in the mRNA and the anti-Shine-Dalgarno (ASD) sequence in 16S rRNA, to create "orthogonal" ribosomes to enable the synthesis of orthogonal polymers in the presence of the endogenous translation machinery. However, orthogonal ribosomes are prone to SD-independent translation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pollen germination and pollen tube (PT) growth are extremely sensitive to high temperatures. During heat stress (HS), global translation shuts down and favors the maintenance of the essential cellular proteome for cell viability and protection against protein misfolding. Here, we demonstrate that under normal conditions, the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) eukaryotic translation initiation factor subunit eif3m1/eif3m2 double mutant exhibits poor pollen germination, loss of PT integrity and an increased rate of aborted seeds.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

LACCASE35 Enhances Lignification and Resistance Against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Infection in Kiwifruit.

Plant Physiol

January 2025

Anhui Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, P.R.  China.

Kiwifruit bacterial canker, a highly destructive disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), seriously affects kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) production.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Understanding chromatin organization requires integrating measurements of genome connectivity and physical structure. It is well established that cohesin is essential for TAD and loop connectivity features in Hi-C, but the corresponding change in physical structure has not been studied using electron microscopy. Pairing chromatin scanning transmission electron tomography with multiomic analysis and single-molecule localization microscopy, we study the role of cohesin in regulating the conformationally defined chromatin nanoscopic packing domains.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!