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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.05.030 | DOI Listing |
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Weighting methods for truncation by death in cluster-randomized trials.
Stat Methods Med Res
January 2025
Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Patient-centered outcomes, such as quality of life and length of hospital stay, are the focus in a wide array of clinical studies. However, participants in randomized trials for elderly or critically and severely ill patient populations may have truncated or undefined non-mortality outcomes if they do not survive through the measurement time point. To address truncation by death, the survivor average causal effect has been proposed as a causally interpretable subgroup treatment effect defined under the principal stratification framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVasoplegia in Heart, Lung, or Liver Transplantation: A Narrative Review.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
January 2025
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
Vasoplegia is a pathophysiologic state of hypotension in the setting of normal or high cardiac output and low systemic vascular resistance despite euvolemia and high-dose vasoconstrictors. Vasoplegia in heart, lung, or liver transplantation is of particular interest because it is common (approximately 29%, 28%, and 11%, respectively), is associated with adverse outcomes, and because the agents used to treat vasoplegia can affect immunosuppressive and other drug metabolism. This narrative review discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatment of vasoplegia in patients undergoing heart, lung, and liver transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation via high-flow nasal oxygen versus conventional weaning in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure: a prospective randomized controlled study.
Crit Care Sci
January 2025
Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Jodhpur, India.
Objective: Although the efficacy of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy in delaying or avoiding intubation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure has been studied, its potential for facilitating early weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation remains unexplored.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 80 adults with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for > 48 hours were enrolled and divided into two groups: conventional weaning and early weaning via high-flow nasal oxygen. In the conventional weaning group, the spontaneous breathing trial was performed after the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was ≥ 200, whereas in the high-flow nasal oxygen group, the spontaneous breathing trial was conducted earlier when the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 150 - 200.
Associations between Intensive care unit acquired weakness with post-extubation dysphagia and other clinical outcomes- a cohort study in critically ill respiratory patients.
Clin Nutr ESPEN
January 2025
Coordinación de Nutrición Clínica, Departamento de Áreas Críticas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address:
Background: Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a complication characterized by decreased muscle mass and impairments in strength and physical function and is associated with poor quality of life and worse clinical outcomes. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the prevalence of ICU-AW, and secondary objectives were to assess risk factors and analyze the associations with clinical outcomes.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of patients on mechanical ventilation (MV).
Tracheostomy Practice in the Italian Intensive Care Units: A Point-Prevalence Survey.
Medicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16126 Genova, Italy.
: A tracheostomy is a frequently performed surgical intervention in intensive care units (ICUs) for patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. This procedure can offer significant benefits, including reduced sedation requirements, improved patient comfort, and enhanced airway management. However, it is also associated with various risks, and the absence of standardized clinical guidelines complicates its implementation.
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