The aim of this report is to highlight the challenges involved in the diagnosis and treatment of anal melanoma in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. It is a case report of an 84-year-old man who was managed for anal malignant melanoma. Despite inadequate investigative tools and less radical surgical treatment, the survival period of the index patient was comparable to the median survival quoted in the literature. Despite its rarity, mucosal melanomas also occur in the tropics. Prompt diagnosis, adequate imaging, and standardized treatment may improve its outlook in the nearest future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njs.NJS_63_19 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurai, Madurai, IND.
Melanoma is a highly aggressive malignancy originating from melanocytes, characterized by its potential to arise in various anatomic locations, both common and rare. The incidence of melanoma has been steadily increasing globally, with variations in clinical presentation, tumor behavior, and prognosis depending on the anatomical site involved. Understanding the diverse pathological spectrum of melanoma is critical for optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Food Drug Anal
December 2024
Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
This study reveals the anti-tyrosinase activity of Ganoderma formosanum extracts, pinpointing compounds including gluconic acid, mesalamine, L-pyroglutamic acid, esculetin, 5-hydroxyindole, and salicylic acid, as effective melanin production inhibitors in melanoma cells and zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, multiple molecular docking simulations provided insights into interactions between the identified compounds and tyrosinase, increasing binding affinity up to -16.36 kcal/mol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTech Coloproctol
January 2025
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Introduction: Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is rare and highly lethal neoplasm. It has a poorer prognosis compared with cutaneous ones. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become the preferred method of nodal staging method for cutaneous melanoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEClinicalMedicine
January 2025
Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Background: Dual inhibition of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been shown to be an effective treatment strategy in many cancers. We sought to determine the objective response rate of combination durvalumab (D) plus tremelimumab (TM) in parallel cohorts of patients with carefully selected rare cancer types in which these agents had not previously been evaluated in phase II trials and for which there was clinical or biological rationale for dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy to be active.
Methods: We designed a multi-centre, non-blinded, open-label phase II basket trial with each of the following 8 rare cancers considered a separate phase II trial: salivary carcinoma, carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) with tumour infiltrating lymphocytes and/or expressing PD-L1, mucosal melanoma, acral melanoma, osteosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, clear cell carcinoma of the ovary (CCCO) or squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA).
Updates Surg
December 2024
Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. Southwest, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Anal Melanoma (AM) is a rare and aggressive disease lacking standardized treatment protocols. Despite advancements in medical oncology, the 5-year overall survival (OS) remains at 20%. Local surgery (LS) has gained popularity over radical surgery (RS) due to its comparable OS when negative margins are achieved.
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