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Background: In pediatric living-donor lobar lung transplantation, whether transplanting adult lobes could result in satisfactory long-term survival and respiratory functional outcomes during and after the growth period in pediatric patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term survival and functional prognosis after pediatric living-donor lobar lung transplantation and deceased-donor lung transplantation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of pediatric patients (age: ≤17 years) who underwent lung transplantation between March 2001 and December 2022 at three institutions in Japan.

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Introduction: In this review, we evaluate the role of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) as a biomarker in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, exploring the prognostic and predictive potential in various treatment settings.

Methods: Data from multiple clinical trials in the early and metastatic settings, focusing on TILs' correlation with pathologic complete response (pCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival across early and metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer were summarized. This review also discusses TILs' assessment methods, interobserver variability, and emerging technologies to assess TILs.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study assesses the risk associated with sub-centimeter Side-Branch Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (SB-IPMN) to inform a surveillance strategy.
  • Sub-centimeter SB-IPMNs show a lower rate of clinically relevant progression compared to larger cysts, although they can still develop high-risk pathologies over time.
  • The findings suggest that size growth alone is not a reliable indicator of malignant potential, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring regardless of cyst size.
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Background: For women at low risk of complications during labour and birth, in the United Kingdom, planned birth in a 'community' setting (at home or a freestanding midwifery unit) is generally safe, and intrapartum emergencies are uncommon. Limited exposure may affect midwives' experience of managing an emergency.

Aim: Identify and synthesise available evidence about midwives' experiences of managing intrapartum emergencies during labour in a community setting.

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Climate Change and Medical Mycology.

Infect Dis Clin North Am

December 2024

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, ECMM Excellence Center, Auenbruggerplatz 15, Graz 8036, Austria; Translational Mycology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria. Electronic address:

This review explores how climate change influences fungal disease dynamics, focusing on emergence of new fungal pathogens, increased antifungal resistance, expanding geographic ranges of fungal pathogens, and heightened host susceptibility. Rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns enhance fungal growth and resistance mechanisms, complicating treatment efforts. Climate-driven geographic shifts are expanding the range of diseases like Valley fever, histoplasmosis, and blastomycosis.

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