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PeerPub: A Device for Concurrent Operant Oral Self-Administration by Multiple Rats.
eNeuro
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
The social environment has long been recognized to play an important role in substance use, which is often modeled in rodents using operant conditioning. However, most operant chambers only accommodate one rodent at a time. We present PeerPub-a unique social operant chamber.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and validation of a brief form of the Anticipated Effects of Food Scale.
Appetite
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Identifying malleable influences on eating behaviours will advance our ability to improve physical and mental health. Food-related emotional expectancies are the anticipated positive and negative emotions from eating different foods and are theorised to affect eating behaviour, and to be amenable to change. The Anticipated Effects of Food Scale (AEFS) assesses food-related emotional expectancies using 62 one-word items; however, a shorter questionnaire would be useful in large and clinical studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildhood obesity, sugar, and Early Childhood Caries: the sweet trap.
Eur J Paediatr Dent
December 2024
Editor in chief - European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry.
Article Synopsis
- - Sugar triggers the brain's dopamine system, leading to a preference for high-calorie foods and potentially contributing to "food addiction," which moves us away from healthier options over time.
- - Historically advantageous for survival, our craving for calorie-dense foods has now led to rising obesity and diabetes rates, posing significant public health concerns globally.
- - Recent studies indicate a notable increase in sugar consumption among youth, particularly through sugary drinks, correlating with a dramatic rise in obesity rates from 1990 to 2022.
Comparative effects of topiramate and naltrexone on neural activity during anticipatory anxiety in individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Alcohol Alcohol
November 2024
Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- - Topiramate has shown effectiveness in reducing alcohol use and possibly lowering anxiety severity in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), compared to naltrexone, another medication used for AUD.
- - In a study with 42 treatment-seeking AUD patients, participants were given either topiramate or naltrexone for 12 weeks, and their neural responses to an anxiety-inducing task were measured using fMRI after 6 weeks of treatment.
- - The study found no major differences in brain activation between the two treatment groups, but it noted that changes in anxiety levels were linked to the brain's response to threat cues, providing insights into how these medications may work.
Dopamine D3 receptor mediates natural and methamphetamine rewards via regulating the expression of miR-29c in the nucleus accumbens of mice.
Neuropharmacology
January 2025
College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; Institute of Drug Dependence and Neuroscience, Bio-Evidence Sciences Academy, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China. Electronic address:
The dopamine D3 receptor (D3R), principally confined to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), is involved in regulating natural and drug rewards; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the associated process remain unclear. Earlier research has reported the concurrent influence of D3R and miR-29c expressed in the NAc on methamphetamine (METH)-induced reward behaviors and microglial activation, hinting at regulatory roles in reward processing. Herein, we performed viral manipulation-mediating D3R/miR-29c overexpression and inhibition in the whole NAc in male D3R knockout and wild-type mice to investigate this potential relationship.
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