Purpose: This study aims to estimate the teachers' exposure to particulate matter (PM) during a chalk and talk class considering various exposure conditions and to determine the deposition pattern of PM in human airways.
Materials And Methodology: The study was carried out in three steps, viz., questionnaire survey, exposure measurement, and dosage calculation. Exposure to chalk dust during teaching was measured for 40 teachers in terms of PM of different size range (PM 10, PM 2.5, and PM 1) while using different brands of chalks. Deposition in lungs was determined using Multiple Path Dosimetry model for four subject categories, viz., adult men, elderly men, adult women, and elderly women.
Results: The average exposure during teaching activity was 498, 85, and 30 µg/m of PM 10, PM 2.5, and PM 1, respectively. Chalks which are made of calcium carbonate with high density of packing emitted lesser PM 10. Results showed no significant difference in the exposure to PM by teachers while writing at different relative heights of the board. The highest total deposition of PM in lung was observed for elderly women. The deposited mass per unit area was the highest for adult women in all the three sizes of PM.
Conclusion: This study showed that there was no significant difference in exposure to PM while using normal and dustless chalks. The exposure level suggests that there is a strong need to either shift to smart classes or to improve the technology in chalk production in such a way that it produces less dust and limit the exposure to teaching professionals.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-021-01713-y | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Susceptibility of different mice species to chemical induction of colorectal cancer by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine.
J Egypt Natl Canc Inst
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health concern. Animal models play a crucial role in understanding the disease pathology and development of effective treatment strategies. Chemically induced CRC represents a cornerstone in animal model development; however, due to the presence of different animal species with different genetic backgrounds, it becomes mandatory to study the susceptibility of different mice species to CRC induction by different chemical entities such as 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsymptomatic carriage and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus in pre-clinical and clinical medical students.
Folia Microbiol (Praha)
January 2025
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
Medical students are exposed to the hospital environment and patients during their studies, increasing the risk of exposure to virulent and antibiotic-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus among medical students who have varying levels of exposure to the hospital environment to provide valuable insights into the risk of colonization and transmission. Nasal swabs and fingerprints were obtained and cultured on a selective medium for staphylococci.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOccupational exposure and sarcoidosis: a case-control study in three countries.
Occup Med (Lond)
January 2025
MTW-Holding, Minsk 220070, Belarus.
Background: Preceding studies of environmental and occupational risk factors of sarcoidosis yielded inconsistent findings.
Aims: We aimed to ascertain the occupational risk factors for sarcoidosis in a case-control study.
Methods: A total of 237 sarcoidosis patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis were matched with 474 controls for sex and age (median 49, interquartile range 37; 60 years) recruited from the university hospitals and outpatient centres in Belarus, Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation.
Human parietal epithelial cells as Trojan horses in albumin overload.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Kidney Histomorphology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
Parietal Epithelial Cells (PECs) activation and proliferation are common to several distinct forms of glomerulopathies. Due to several stimuli, PECs can change to a progenitor (CD24 and CD133/2) or a pro-sclerotic (CD44) phenotype. In addition, PECs, which are constantly exposed to filtered albumin, are known to be involved in albumin internalization, but how this mechanism occurs is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOverexpression of multiple cytochrome P450 genes with and without knockdown resistance mutations confers high resistance to deltamethrin in Culex quinquefasciatus.
Infect Dis Poverty
January 2025
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Background: The cytochrome P450s-mediated metabolic resistance and the target site insensitivity caused by the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene were the main mechanisms conferring resistance to deltamethrin in Culex quinquefasciatus from Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of cytochrome P450 genes and detect mutations of the vgsc gene in deltamethrin-resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus populations in Thailand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!