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Co-Expression of Tardive Dyskinesia and Drug-Induced Parkinsonism in Rats Chronically Treated With Haloperidol.
Neuropsychopharmacol Rep
March 2025
Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
Aim: We aimed to create a rat model of drug-induced parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia by chronic administration of haloperidol and examine the expression of direct and indirect pathway markers in the striatum of the model rats.
Methods: We treated 21 rats, 14 with haloperidol decanoate and 7 with placebo. The number of vacuous chewing movements per 2 min was counted, and haloperidol-treated rats were classified into two groups: mild and severe tardive dyskinesia.
The added value of anosmic subtype on motor subtype in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Section 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan.
This study investigates whether incorporating olfactory dysfunction into motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) improves associations with clinical outcomes. PD is commonly divided into motor subtypes, such as postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD) and tremor-dominant PD (TDPD), but non-motor symptoms like olfactory dysfunction remain underexplored. We assessed 157 participants with PD using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (M-UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire Summary Index (PDQ-39 SI), and 99mTc-TRODAT-1 imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA collaborative network analysis for the interpretation of transcriptomics data in Huntington's disease.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Rare diseases may affect the quality of life of patients and be life-threatening. Therapeutic opportunities are often limited, in part because of the lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases. This can be ascribed to the low prevalence of rare diseases and therefore the lower sample sizes available for research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlycyrrhizic Acid Mitigates Haloperidol-Induced Neurotoxicity in SHSY-5Y Cells and Rats Via Activation of PI3k/Akt/Nrf2 Pathways.
Neurochem Res
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bhatinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
Antipsychotic medications are used to treat a psychological condition called 'Schizophrenia'. However, its long-term administration causes irregular involuntary motor movements, targeting the orofacial regions. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a naturally occurring triterpene saponin glycoside obtained from the roots of the Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice) plant and well known for its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and neuroprotective abilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The earliest recognized biomarker of AD is deposition of Aβ amyloid that leads to formation of plaques and may, over time, trigger or at least be followed by gliosis/neuroinflammation and neurofibrillary tangles, accompanied by neurodegenerative changes including neuronal and synaptic loss. We have previously reported that semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D), the major ligand of plexin B receptors expressed on astrocytes, is upregulated in diseased neurons during progression of AD and Huntington's disease (HD). Binding of SEMA4D to PLXNB receptors triggers astrocyte reactivity, leading to loss of neuroprotective homeostatic functions, including downregulation of glutamate and glucose transporters (doi:10.
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