AI Article Synopsis

  • - The presence of small, random absorbers on the optics of Advanced LIGO leads to nano-scale changes in shape, which diminish the interferometer's sensitivity by affecting power-recycling gains and feedback control.
  • - The analysis outlines how these deformations can reduce maximum stored power in gravitational wave detectors by up to 50%, limiting their overall sensitivity.
  • - Strategies for correcting these issues are discussed, emphasizing the urgency for improvements as future gravitational wave detectors will require significantly more stored power than currently needed in Advanced LIGO.

Article Abstract

Small, highly absorbing points are randomly present on the surfaces of the main interferometer optics in Advanced LIGO. The resulting nanometer scale thermo-elastic deformations and substrate lenses from these micron-scale absorbers significantly reduce the sensitivity of the interferometer directly though a reduction in the power-recycling gain and indirect interactions with the feedback control system. We review the expected surface deformation from point absorbers and provide a pedagogical description of the impact on power buildup in second generation gravitational wave detectors (dual-recycled Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometers). This analysis predicts that the power-dependent reduction in interferometer performance will significantly degrade maximum stored power by up to 50% and, hence, limit GW sensitivity, but it suggests system wide corrections that can be implemented in current and future GW detectors. This is particularly pressing given that future GW detectors call for an order of magnitude more stored power than currently used in Advanced LIGO in Observing Run 3. We briefly review strategies to mitigate the effects of point absorbers in current and future GW wave detectors to maximize the success of these enterprises.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.419689DOI Listing

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