Small residential care settings for older adults and people with disabilities are found throughout the United States. Those with fewer than 25 residents account for half of residential care settings. Adult foster homes (AFH) are under-studied although they provide personal and health-related services to residents, including people with Alzheimer's disease. This qualitative study collected data from 726 AFH owners over four years. Results provide a contemporary perspective on owners' experience of the rewards and challenges of operating a small home. These results are relevant since many residents prefer small settings, and because federal regulatory changes affect AFH policies and practices.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2021.1926204 | DOI Listing |
iScience
January 2025
Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Humans and animals excel at learning complex tasks through reward-based feedback, dynamically adjusting value expectations and choices based on past experiences to optimize outcomes. However, understanding the hidden cognitive components driving these behaviors remains challenging. Neuroscientists use the Temporal Difference (TD) learning model to estimate cognitive elements like value representation and prediction error during learning and decision-making processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychiatry
January 2025
School of Fine Arts - Graduate Program in Art Therapy, Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune, India.
The field of addiction in its priority to save lives has emphasized harm reduction and medication therapies that have taken precedence over counseling and psychotherapy. The extensive mental health needs, traumatic histories and cognitive challenges of this population call for more availability of all treatments, but also in-depth treatment for the causes of the addiction. The prevalence of trauma is examined with regard to the challenge it presents in treatment for substance use disorder (SUD), and other comorbidities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Health Organ Manag
January 2025
Department of Nursing, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Purpose: This study aims to understand the experiences of Brazilian nurse auditors in the practice of their profession, exploring the importance, challenges, rewards and strategies related to the occupation.
Design/methodology/approach: This is a qualitative descriptive study conducted with 44 nurse auditors. An online, open-ended questionnaire was used.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
January 2025
School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TU, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Play in humans and other animals is widespread and intuitive to recognise. Creative, unstructured play is difficult to quantify, but games direct play towards a specific goal and have defined rules, mechanics and rewards. To date, games have been under-utilised in human and animal behavioural neuroscience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvol Comput
January 2025
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ISIR., Paris, 75005, France
Quality-Diversity (QD) methods are algorithms that aim to generate a set of diverse and highperforming solutions to a given problem. Originally developed for evolutionary robotics, most QD studies are conducted on a limited set of domains'mainly applied to locomotion, where the fitness and the behavior signal are dense. Grasping is a crucial task for manipulation in robotics.
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