This paper provides an overview of the current state of the world's cruise industry, with a focus on the chronology and the main impacts that the COVID-19 has had on the industry. Florida is presented as a micro context of the pandemic's impacts on the local economies of cruise-dependent regions. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the many infected ships in the first quarter of 2020, the entire cruise industry was stopped and a prohibition on resuming this industry was impose worldwide. This paper presents some of the consequences of stopping the cruise industry and the recommended protocols for resuming. Due to the dramatic impacts on the entire industry, some cruise lines are trying to resume despite the fact that the COVID-19 is not yet under control. The first aim of this paper is to cover the cruise industry and its importance for society, introduce the main facts of the COVID-19 outbreak, and the correlation between cruise ships and the spread of this disease. The second aim is to present the new pattern to resume the cruise industry and its challenges.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2021.100391 | DOI Listing |
Trop Med Health
January 2025
Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 Papakyriazi Street, 41222, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece.
Background: With various infectious disease risks to passenger ship travellers, guidance for infectious disease prevention, mitigation and management (PMM) exists. Emerging infections and emergencies necessitate updated, context-specific guidelines and practices. New evidence for infection PMM must be translated into guidance for governmental authorities and the passenger ship industry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
December 2024
Faculty of Law, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
This research examined the management, financial technology, and environmental taxation elements impacting energy transformation in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries concerning foreign direct investment (FDI). The study aims to analyze data from 2014 to 2022, encompassing a balanced group of 148 BRI member nations-72 from minimal and lower-middle-class countries and 78 from significant and middle-income industrialized nations. Utilizing the two-step systems generalized method of moments (GMM) framework and verifying with the two-stage least squares (2SLS) approach, the study identified critical drivers and barriers to energy transformation in these countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Controls Over Mesopelagic Interior Carbon Storage (COMICS) cruise DY086 took place aboard the RRS Discovery in the South Atlantic during November and December, 2017. Physical, chemical, biogeochemical and biological data were collected during three visits to ocean observatory station P3, off the coast of South Georgia, during an austral spring bloom. A diverse range of equipment including CTD-rosette, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), net deployments, marine snow catchers (MSCs), Stand Alone Pump System (SAPS) and PELAGRA Sediment Traps were used to produce a comprehensive, high-quality dataset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Environ Res
November 2024
College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China. Electronic address:
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
Polar ecosystems are considered very fragile, however, due to the short observation record it is hard to assess the recovery processes of the coastal and fjord environments after a major disturbance. Here, we provide a unique case study from South Georgia (sub-Antarctic), an area seriously affected by the whaling industry. The study focuses on King Edward Cove, serving as a sheltered harbor for the former whaling station at Grytviken, as well as other parts of Cumberland Bay considered to represent generally pristine areas.
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