Case Report: Role of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Late-onset Capsular Block Syndrome.

Significance: We report the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) as a valuable tool for capsular block syndrome diagnosis and follow-up.

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to report a case of late-onset capsular block syndrome or lacteocrumenasia and to describe differential diagnosis with other more common phacoemulsification complications such as intraocular lens (IOL) or posterior capsule opacification.

Case Report: We report the case of a 56-year-old man with a clinical history of cataract surgery in his left eye. Five years after cataract surgery, he complained of blurred vision and was referred for IOL removal to our hospital. After careful slit-lamp examination, we found that the lens was clear, and opacity belonged to the accumulation of a whitish material in the capsular bag behind the lens. AS-OCT gave the definite diagnosis of capsular block syndrome. Intraocular lens removal had been wrongly indicated, and we treated our patient by YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. AS-OCT confirmed the absence of a further accumulated material, so no other interventions were needed. After treatment, best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.48 to 0.1 logMAR.

Conclusions: Capsular block syndrome is a rare late-onset complication of cataract surgery causing a deep visual acuity decay. A precise slit-lamp examination and AS-OCT, together, avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary surgical treatment, which may be needed in case of IOL opacity or fibrotic-like lacteocrumenasia. AS-OCT also helps in determining the treatment outcome. Immediate best-corrected visual acuity improvement is reached after a successful intervention.