Rovral® is a fungicide used to control pests that affect various crops and little is known regarding its effects on embryonic development of amniotes. Thus, this study aimed to determine the influence of Rovral® during chicken organogenesis using acute contamination. Fertilized eggs were inoculated with different concentrations of Rovral® (100, 300, 500 or 750 µl/ml), injected into the egg's air chamber. After 7 days, embryos were examined for possible malformations, staging, weight and mortality. Subsequently, head, trunk, limbs and eyes were measured for morphometry and asymmetry. For blood analysis, eggs were treated with 300 µl/ml Rovral® and glucose, presence of micronuclei and erythrocyte nuclei abnormalities determined. Treatments with Rovral® affected the mortality rate in a concentration-dependent manner. LC value was found to be 596 µl/ml which represents 397-fold higher than the recommended concentration for use. Rovral® produced several malformations including hemorrhagic, ocular and cephalic abnormalities. No significant changes were observed in body weight, staging, body measurements, symmetry and glucose levels of live embryos, which indicates this fungicide presents low toxicity under the analyzed conditions. Changes in erythrocyte nuclei were noted; however significant difference was observed only for presence of binucleated erythrocytes. It is important to point out that possibly more significant changes may have occurred at lower concentrations through chronic contamination. Therefore, caution is needed in the use of this fungicide, since it presents teratogenic and mutagenic potential.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2021.1924331 | DOI Listing |
Pymetrozine (a pyridine azomethine pesticide) is one of the most commonly and frequently used insecticides. Scanty information is available about the deleterious effects of Pymetrozine on fish especially bighead carp. Hence, the current study investigated chronic toxicological effects of pymetrozine in bighead carp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
November 2024
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", 24 Tzar Asen Street, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Amphibians are continuously exposed to pollutants and anthropogenic stressors in their natural habitats, representing a significant challenge to their survival. This study aimed to quantify the extent of DNA damage caused by chronic industrial and agrochemical surface water pollution in wild populations of the marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus). The observed genotoxic effects on the marsh frog DNA, manifesting as abnormalities in erythrocyte nuclei, micronuclei, and DNA strand breaks, demonstrate a clear cause-and-effect relationship with surface water parameters, heavy metals, metalloids, and pesticides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmSphere
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Unlabelled: parasites, the causative agents of malaria, undergo closed mitosis without breakdown of the nuclear envelope. Unlike closed mitosis in yeast, parasites undergo multiple rounds of asynchronous nuclear divisions in a shared cytoplasm. This results in a multinucleated organism prior to the formation of daughter cells within an infected red blood cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Evol
December 2024
Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Hemoglobin and red blood cells (erythrocytes) have been studied extensively from the perspective of life and biomedical sciences. However, no analysis of hemoglobin and red blood cells from the perspective of chemical thermodynamics has been reported in the literature. Such an analysis would provide an insight into their structure and turnover from the aspect of biothermodynamics and bioenergetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCellular differentiation requires highly coordinate action of all three transcriptional systems to produce rRNAs, mRNAs, and various "short" and "long" non-coding RNAs by RNA Polymerase I, II, and III systems, respectively. The RNA Polymerase I catalyzes transcription of about 400 copies of rDNA genes generating 18S, 5.8S, and 28S rRNA molecules from the individual primary transcript.
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