Background: Non-prescribed opioid use is illegal in Vietnam. People who are apprehended for use of non-prescribed opioids may be arrested and incarcerated or sent to compulsory rehabilitation centers. For those on medication to treat opioid use disorder (MOUD), incarceration in either setting may disrupt treatment. This study estimates the effects of incarceration and compulsory rehabilitation on MOUD and HIV treatment outcomes in Vietnam.
Methods: Data are from a clinical trial testing the effects of MOUD on HIV viral suppression in six Vietnamese HIV clinics. Participants were assessed quarterly for 12 months. We assessed the associations between incarceration or compulsory rehabilitation during months 0-9 and study outcomes of receipt of MOUD, HIV clinic engagement, and antiretroviral therapy prescription during months 9-12, among those who were released by month 9 of the study, using logistic regression and zero-inflated negative binomial models.
Results: At nine months, 25 of 258 participants (9.7%) were incarcerated or sent to compulsory rehabilitation at least once and completed the month 9 assessment. Of those, 19 (76.0%) did not receive MOUD in months 9 through 12. Both incarceration and compulsory rehabilitation were negatively associated with subsequent receipt of MOUD (aOR = 0.05, 95% CI = (0.01, 0.24); 0.14 (0.04, 0.50), respectively) and HIV clinic engagement (aOR = 0.13, 95% CI = (0.03, 0.71); 0.09 (0.02, 0.39), respectively). In the final three months of the study, participants who were incarcerated had 42.5 fewer days of MOUD (95% CI = 23.1, 61.9), and participants in compulsory rehabilitation had 46.1 fewer days of MOUD (95% CI = 33.8, 58.4) than those not incarcerated or in compulsory rehabilitation.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that both incarceration and compulsory rehabilitation disrupt MOUD and HIV treatment among people with HIV and Opioid Use Disorder in Vietnam. Prioritization of evidence-based strategies to support engagement in care for people who use drugs could potentially expand HIV and Opioid Use Disorder treatment access and curb substance use more effectively than reliance on incarceration or compulsory rehabilitation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8558110 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108451 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Understanding the perspectives of police officers regarding men who use drugs and drug rehabilitation in China: a qualitative study.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse
January 2025
School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China.
Drug use among men is a significant public health concern in China, with compulsory drug treatment centers being the primary approach. Police officers in these centers play a crucial role in shaping the interactions and experiences of men who use drugs (MWUD). However, little research exists on the attitudes of police officers toward MWUD in China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity persistence after four intramuscular triple-dose or standard-dose hepatitis B vaccine in patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment: A 1-year follow-up study in China.
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2025
School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03962816).https://clinicaltrials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch in compulsory drug detention centres in China: Characteristics and ethical considerations.
Glob Public Health
December 2025
Department of Community Health and Prevention, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
More than 500 centres in China hold over 300,000 individuals in what has been described by the United Nations as unethical and ineffective compulsory treatment and rehabilitation centres. Individuals in these centres face widespread human rights abuses, including lack of due process, forced labour, physical and sexual violence, and denial of healthcare. Because of the vulnerability of individuals in detention settings to abuse in research trials, ethical guidelines have required research to pose no more than minimal risk, to address the process of incarceration, and the health or well-being of detained individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFactors influencing the type of self-acceptance in drug addicts and the relationship with subthreshold depression: evidence based on latent profile analysis.
BMC Psychol
January 2025
Compulsory Isolation and Rehabilitation Center in Sichuan Province, Chengdu No. 2, Chengdu, China.
Objective: To study the heterogeneity and influencing factors of self-acceptance of drug addicts in compulsory isolation in 2 drug rehabilitation centers in Sichuan Province, and to analyze the effects of different types of self-acceptance on subthreshold depression in drug addicts, in order to provide useful references for improving their mental health.
Methods: Self-acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ), Drug use Stereotype Threat Scale(DSTS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) were used to conduct a questionnaire survey in January 2024 on 1068 drug addicts in two compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation centers in Sichuan Province.
Results: Drug addicts self-acceptance can be categorized into 5 potential categories; men were more likely than women to show lower self-acceptance in the 'low-low'(β = 0.
"When she's there, I no longer worry about her being arrested"-Family perspectives on compulsory drug rehabilitation in Vietnam and implications for community-based services.
Int J Drug Policy
January 2025
Division of Addiction Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare and University of Minnesota Medical School, United States.
Introduction: Compulsory drug rehabilitation continues to be a major governmental response to illicit drug use in East and Southeast Asia despite repeated calls for its discontinuation. Extensive evidence from individuals with substance use disorders and advocacy groups highlights the adverse health, social and economic outcomes associated with compulsory drug rehabilitation. However, the perspective of families on this issue remains relatively unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!