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Background: Periodontal disease represents a major health concern. The administration of beneficial microbes has been increasing in popularity over efforts to manipulate the microbes using antimicrobial agents. This study determined the ability of Streptococcus salivarius to inhibit IL-6 and IL-8 production by gingival fibroblasts when activated by periodontal pathogens and their effect on the salivary microbiome.
Methods: Primary human gingival fibroblasts were challenged with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum and a combination of all three. IL-6 and IL-8 cytokine release were measured. Using this same model, S. salivarius K12, M18 and different supernatant and whole-cell lysate fractions of S. salivarius K12 were administered to pathogen-induced fibroblasts. A patient study of healthy participants was also conducted to determine the effect S. salivarius K12 had on the native microbiome using 16S next generation sequence analysis.
Results: All pathogens tested induced a significant IL-6 and IL-8 response. S. salivarius K12 or M18, did not exhibit an increase in inflammatory cytokines. When either of the probiotic strains were co-administered with a pathogen, there were significant reductions in both IL-6 and IL-8 release. This effect was also observed when gingival fibroblasts were pre-treated with either S. salivarius K12 or M18 and then stimulated with the oral pathogens. Chewing gum containing S. salivarius K12 did not alter the salivary microbiome and did not increase inflammatory markers in the oral cavity.
Conclusion: S. salivarius K12 and M18 prevented immune activation induced by periodontal disease pathogens. S. salivarius K12 did not alter the salivary microbiome or induce immune activation when administered as a chewing gum. These results warrant further study to determine if it may be an effective treatment in a model of periodontal disease.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8103598 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01606-z | DOI Listing |
J Ayurveda Integr Med
December 2024
Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address:
Background: The combination of S. salivarius K12 and M. acuminata are being used as synbiotic, but its safety evaulation is required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
October 2024
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
This study investigates the efficacy of K12 in preventing upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in healthy adults. URTIs are a common issue, particularly in physically active individuals, leading to significant disruptions in daily life. Probiotics, such as K12, have emerged as a potential preventive strategy for these infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDent Res J (Isfahan)
July 2024
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Background: Clinical trials investigating the efficacy of oral health prevention materials have conventionally used indices to evaluate the amount of plaque on tooth surfaces. Various methods, including the use of probiotics, have been suggested to prevent oral disease. The present study was conducted to investigate the probiotic products available in Iranian pharmacies that are used for the prevention of dental disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDent Res J (Isfahan)
July 2024
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Background: Various methods, including the use of probiotics, have been suggested to prevent caries. Caries, which is mainly caused by , is one of the bacterial diseases that imposes a heavy cost on society. The present study was conducted to investigate the probiotic products available in Iranian pharmacies that are used for caries prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pediatr
July 2024
Pediatric Unit, Department of Health Science, Magna Grecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
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