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Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
October 2024
Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.
Background: While individuals with autism often face challenges in everyday social interactions, they may demonstrate proficiency in structured theory of mind (ToM) tasks that assess their ability to infer others' mental states. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and pupillometry, we investigated whether these discrepancies stem from diminished spontaneous mentalizing or broader difficulties in unstructured contexts.
Methods: Fifty-two adults diagnosed with autism and 52 neurotypical control participants viewed the animated short Partly Cloudy, a nonverbal animated film with a dynamic social narrative known to engage the ToM brain network during specific scenes.
Med Health Care Philos
September 2024
Center for Ethics and Law in Biomedicine, Central European University, Nádor u. 9, FT 708. 1051, Budapest, Hungary.
The paper aims to understand the various legacies of eugenics in the postwar period to recognize both the continuities and discontinuities of eugenics with an approach which is both conceptually sound and historically correct. Building on earlier work of Lene Koch, the paper endeavours to chart the historical trajectory of eugenics by examining how its definition and those of its related or oppositional concepts have evolved within selected lexicon entries across various stages of the century. The inclusion and publication of a concept within a lexicon indicate its significance, linguistic vitality, and prevalence in public discourse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychophysiology
November 2024
Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Flexible use of emotion regulation (ER) strategies is central to mental health. To advance our understanding of what drives adaptive strategy-switching decisions, in this preregistered study, we used event-related potentials (late positive potential, LPP and stimulus preceding negativity, SPN) and facial electromyography (EMG corrugator activity) to test the antecedents and consequences of switching to an alternative ER strategy. Participants (N = 63, M = 24.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Gastroenterol
April 2024
Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, Guizhou Province, China.
The following are our views regarding the "letter to the editor" ( is preserved in yeast vacuoles! Does Koch's postulates confirm it?) by Alipour and Gaeini, and the response "letter to the editor" ( accommodates non-culturable in its vacuole-Koch's postulates aren't applicable) by Siavoshi and Saniee. Alipour and Gaeini rejected the methods, results, discussion, and conclusions summarized in a review article by Siavoshi and Saniee. The present article reviews and discusses evidence on the evolutionary adaptation of () to thrive in cell vacuoles and concludes that could act as a Trojan horse, transporting potentially infectious into the stomach of humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Ment Health
March 2024
Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany.
Background: Therapist-guided exposure and response prevention (ERP) for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is frequently conducted within clinical settings but rarely at places where patients are usually confronted with OCD symptom-provoking situations in daily life (eg, at home).
Objective: This study aimed to investigate patients' views on 1 ERP session at home via videoconference and its impact on treatment outcome.
Methods: A total of 64 inpatients with OCD received 1 session of therapist-guided videoconference-based ERP at home in adjunction to a multimodal inpatient treatment between 2015 and 2020.
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