The corpus callosum is the principal supratentorial cerebral commissure, which connects the two cerebral hemispheres in the midline. It is divided into rostrum, genu, body, and splenium. Affected patients may develop mental retardation, dysmorphic features, spasticity, ataxia, or epilepsy. Corpus callosal abnormalities may be isolated or be associated with other anomalies such as sulcal abnormality, ventriculomegaly, cerebellar hypoplasia or cerebellar vermian hypoplasia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a major role in the diagnosis of fetal corpus callosal developmental abnormalities when they are suspected on sonography. This pictorial essay shows the MRI findings in fetal corpus callosal developmental abnormalities in a very systematic manner.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpn.JPN_174_19 | DOI Listing |
ACS Chem Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
J Craniofac Surg
December 2024
Department of Anatomy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Background And Aims: The corpus callosum is recognized as the largest interhemispheric white matter structure, coordinating distinct functions of the brain. High-altitude environments may influence the structure of the corpus callosum. This study aims to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of the corpus callosum in Tibetans residing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau while investigating the effects of sex, age, and high-altitude exposure on its morphology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York.
Importance: Amidst an unprecedented opioid epidemic, identifying neurobiological correlates of change with medication-assisted treatment of heroin use disorder is imperative. White matter impairments in individuals with heroin use disorder (HUD) have been associated with drug craving, a reliable predictor of treatment outcomes; however, little is known about structural connectivity changes with inpatient treatment and abstinence in individuals with HUD.
Objective: To assess white matter microstructure and associations with drug craving changes with inpatient treatment in individuals with HUD (effects of time and rescan compared with controls).
Front Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT), have emerged as promising alternatives to open disconnective surgeries in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). This review synthesizes current literature on the application of LITT for corpus callosal disconnection and functional hemispheric disconnection. Studies highlight LITT's effectiveness for achieving seizure control and functional outcomes, often with reduced complications compared to traditional open procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Struct Funct
December 2024
Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States.
The corpus callosum (CC) is the most important interhemispheric white matter (WM) structure composed of several anatomically and functionally distinct WM tracts. Resolving these tracts is a challenge since the callosum appears relatively homogenous in conventional structural imaging. Commonly used callosal parcellation methods such as Hofer and Frahm scheme rely on rigid geometric guidelines to separate the substructures that are limited to consider individual variation.
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